Quick Biochemistry - Fats And Fatty Acid Metabolism (Section 10)
1
In the metabolic processes, HMG CoA is produced from which of the following?
Answer
(A)
Cholesterol, ketones and leucine
2
Which enzyme's action results in the production of NADPH?
Answer
(B)
Malic enzyme
3
Following each oxidation step in a long chain fatty acid, what is produced as a result of the cleavage?
Answer
(B)
An acid with 2-carbon less and acetyl CoA
4
What best describes liposomes?
Answer
(D)
All of these
5
How are long chain fatty acyl CoA esters transported across the mitochondrial membrane?
Answer
(C)
Carnitine
6
Under normal conditions, what happens to the acetyl CoA produced during the β-oxidation of long chain fatty acids?
Answer
(A)
CO₂ and water
7
What is the primary component of very low density lipoproteins?
Answer
(B)
Triacyl glycerol
8
Where is neutral fat primarily stored in the body?
Answer
(C)
Adipose tissue
9
Which metabolic process utilizes NADPH as a cofactor?
Answer
(B)
Extra mitochondrial denovo fatty acid synthesis
10
Which step is considered the 'Committed step' in the process of synthesizing cholesterol from acetyl CoA?
Answer
(B)
Formation of mevalonate from HMG COA
11
What coenzymes are used in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids?
Answer
(D)
FAD and NAD+
12
What is the primary origin of reducing equivalents for fatty acid synthesis in the liver?
Answer
(B)
HMP-Shunt
13
Which tissue listed below is unable to utilize ketone bodies?
Answer
(C)
R.B.C.
14
Where does the majority of cholesterol in arterial smooth muscle cells originate?
Answer
(B)
LDL
15
In which organ are ketone bodies synthesized from fatty acid oxidation products?
Answer
(A)
Liver
16
Where does chain elongation of fatty acids occur in the mammalian liver cell?
Answer
(D)
Microsomes
17
What cofactor or derivative is required for the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA during extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(A)
Biotin
18
Which statement accurately describes beta-oxidation?
Answer
(A)
Requires β-ketoacyl CoA as a substrate
19
Which of the following statements about 3-OH-3 methyl glutaryl CoA is incorrect?
Answer
(B)
Required in ketogenesis
20
Which lipoprotein would contribute to a measurement of plasma cholesterol in a healthy person after fasting for 12 hours?
Answer
(D)
LDL
21
Which statement about ketone bodies is NOT correct?
Answer
(B)
They are produced in the kidneys
22
When synthesizing a Triglyceride from α-Glycero phosphate and acetyl CoA, what is the first compound created?
Answer
(D)
Phosphatidic acid
23
In each cycle of the β-oxidation of a fatty acid, all of the following substances are produced EXCEPT
Answer
(B)
H₂O
24
What is the energy output from fully oxidizing the products of the second reaction cycle in the β-oxidation of palmitoyl CoA?
Answer
(D)
34 ATP
25
What does the β-oxidation of an odd-carbon fatty acid chain create?
Answer
(D)
Malonyl CoA
26
What is a key characteristic of brown adipose tissue?
Answer
(B)
Higher mitochondrial content compared to white adipose tissue
27
Ketosis is partially caused by
Answer
(D)
Increased usage of fat
28
In blood, free fatty acids are primarily
Answer
(C)
Bound to serum albumin
29
What are the building blocks for carnitine synthesis?
Answer
(A)
Lysine
30
Which metabolite is shared by both the pathways of cholesterol biosynthesis from acetyl-CoA and cholecalciferol formation from cholesterol?
Answer
(D)
7 Dehydrocholesterol
31
What enzyme complex is involved in the creation of a molecule necessary for fatty acid synthesis outside the mitochondria?
Answer
(B)
Citrate lyase
32
Which intermediate is essential for the creation of both Triglycerides and Lecithine?
Answer
(B)
Phosphatidic acid
33
In the process of cholesterol synthesis, which step determines the overall rate?
Answer
(D)
HMG CoA reductase
34
Which of the following is NOT found in the structure of a ganglioside?
Answer
(A)
Glycerol
35
In which type of lipid is an alcoholic amine group a key component?
Answer
(C)
Sphingomyelin
36
Sphingosine serves as the foundational element for all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer
(D)
Lecithine
37
Consider these serum lipoproteins: chylomicrons, IDL, LDL, and VLDL. Arrange them in order of increasing density.
Answer
(B)
Chylomicron, VLDL, IDL, LDL
38
Which compound is commonly utilized to link with bile acids?
Answer
(B)
Glycine
39
After a 12-hour fast, which type of lipoprotein would primarily contribute to a standard plasma cholesterol measurement?
Answer
(A)
High density lipoprotiens
40
Which product resulting from the breakdown of triacylglycerol and subsequent ß-Oxidation has the potential to be converted into glucose through gluconeogenesis?
Answer
(B)
Porpionyl CoA
41
What process in fat cells is controlled by the following: Activation of triglyceride lipase due to increased CAMP?
Answer
(C)
Breakdown of fats in response to hormone-triggered CAMP levels
42
Which substance plays a central role in creating both triacyl glycerols and phospholipids?
Answer
(B)
Phosphatidase
43
During repeated fatty acid breakdown, which of the following is NOT produced?
Answer
(A)
H₂O
44
Which of the following statements about fats is INCORRECT?
Answer
(A)
They typically bind through non-covalent connections
45
Which statement about ketone bodies is FALSE?
Answer
(D)
They are used by the liver during long-term fasting
46
What does the Nicolson-Singer fluid mosaic model suggest about biological membranes?
Answer
(D)
Membrane proteins can move horizontally
47
In the citric acid cycle, what is NOT a product of acetyl CoA's oxidative breakdown?
Answer
(C)
2 ATP
48
Which of the following is NOT a correct description of 3-OH-3-methyl glutaryl CoA?
Answer
(C)
It blocks the initial stage of cholesterol production
49
What is NOT an intermediate in the creation of triacyl glycerols from scratch?
Answer
(B)
CDP diacyl glycerol
50
Which of the following is NOT needed for the mitochondrial α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex to function?
