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JAMB - Biology (2023)

1
Which of the following is an example of a microorganism in action as a disease vector?
Answer
(B)
Mosquito transmitting malaria
2
Which of the following is a characteristic of cells related to irritability?
Answer
(A)
Ability to respond to stimuli
3
The membrane around the vacuole is known as
Answer
(C)
Tonoplast
4
Which of the following is evidence of evolution?
Answer
(A)
All of the above.
5
Which of the following is an example of an adaptation for survival in social insects?
Answer
(C)
Formation of complex caste systems
6
Which of the following is NOT a part of the alimentary canal?
Answer
(C)
Liver
7
Which of the following is an evolutionary trend commonly observed in organisms?
Answer
(C)
Increased genetic diversity within populations
8
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Kingdom Plantae?
Answer
(A)
Presence of chloroplasts
9
A biome characterized by hot summer, warm winter and treeless vegetation is
Answer
(A)
Steppe grasslands
10
Which of the following is an example of physiological variation in organisms?
Answer
(A)
Variation in blood pressure among individuals
11
Which of the following are components of the skeletal system in humans?
Answer
(D)
Bones and joints
12
Which of the following represents an example of ecological management and conservation through a biological association?
Answer
(D)
Establishment of marine protected areas
13
The term cell was given by
Answer
(A)
Robert Hooke
14
Which of the following is the primary organ involved in gas exchange during respiration in humans?
Answer
(C)
Lungs
15
Which gland is responsible for producing the hormone insulin?
Answer
(C)
Pancreas
16
Most fishes do not sink in water because of the presences of:
I. swim bladder
II. air bladder
III. air sacs
IV. air in spongy bones
Answer
(B)
I and II are correct
17
In monohybrid inheritance, if an organism carries two different alleles for a particular gene, it is called:
Answer
(C)
Heterozygous
18
What is the tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant?
Answer
(A)
Xylem
19
Which of the following is an example of an abiotic ecological factor?
Answer
(A)
Temperature
20
Which of the following processes is involved in the reproduction of developing organisms?
Answer
(C)
Fertilization
21
Behavioral adaptation for dealing with a hot climate could include
Answer
(A)
Hibernating during the hottest part of the day
22
The natural place of an organism or community is known as
Answer
(D)
Habitat
23
Which process in the nutrient cycle converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can utilize?
Answer
(B)
Nitrogen fixation
24
Which of the following functions is performed by the skin to help maintain homeostasis in the human body?
Answer
(A)
Regulation of body temperature
25
Which of the following soil types becomes less fertile due to the intense leaching caused by tropical rains?
Answer
(B)
Laterite soil
26
Which type of reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents?
Answer
(A)
Sexual reproduction
27
Which processes are involved in nutrient cycling in a functioning ecosystem?
Answer
(C)
Nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and ammonification
28
What is autotrophic nutrition?
Answer
(D)
Nutrition in which organisms produce their own food using energy from the sun or inorganic substances
29
The theory of evolution can be defined as
Answer
(C)
The idea that species change over time through natural processes
30
Which of the following is a male reproductive organ in humans?
Answer
(C)
Testis
31
Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation for survival in animals?
Answer
(B)
Migration
32
Which of the following traits is not visible in a person with Down syndrome?
Answer
(B)
High muscle tone
33
What is the definition of population ecology?
Answer
(D)
The study of the distribution and abundance of individuals within a species
34
What is the term used to describe the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can support indefinitely?
Answer
(C)
Carrying capacity
35
Which of the following statements about the heart is true?
Answer
(D)
The heart is a muscular organ that contracts to circulate blood throughout the body
36
What is the primary source of variation in a population?
Answer
(B)
Mutation
37
Which component of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body tissues?
Answer
(C)
Red blood cells
38
What are the primary products of photosynthesis?
Answer
(B)
Glucose and oxygen
39
The alternate form of a gene is
Answer
(D)
Allele
40
Which organs are part of the alimentary canal in the human digestive system?
Answer
(B)
Large intestine, appendix, and rectum
41
Which of the following characteristics is typical of the phylum Arthropoda?
Answer
(D)
Presence of a segmented body
42
Which of the following is an example of conserving resources in an ecosystem
Answer
(C)
Implementing sustainable fishing practices
43
Which of the following represents the correct hierarchical organization of life from the smallest to the largest scale?
Answer
(D)
Cells, tissues, organs, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems
44
Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?
Answer
(A)
Arteries
45
Which of the following factors primarily affects the distribution of organisms in an ecosystem
Answer
(C)
Temperature
46
Which of the following is NOT a method of reproduction in animals?
Answer
(D)
Sporulation
47
Which of the following statements is true about the kingdom Fungi?
Answer
(A)
Fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing organic matter
48
Viviparity refers to the reproductive strategy in which
Answer
(C)
Offspring develop and are nourished inside the female's body
49
Which of the following is the most inclusive level of classification in the Linnaean system?
Answer
(A)
Kingdom
50
Which of the following describes the inheritance of traits from parents to offspring?
Answer
(D)
Genetics
51
Which of the following statements best describes the role of competition in the process of adaptation?
Answer
(A)
Competition leads to the selection of individuals with favorable traits for survival and reproduction
52
Which of the following statements is true regarding sex-linked traits?
Answer
(A)
Sex-linked traits are located on the sex chromosomes
53
Which of the following is a plant hormone responsible for promoting cell elongation and growth?
Answer
(B)
Gibberellins
54
Which of the following is a primary source of pollution in aquatic ecosystems?
Answer
(B)
Industrial discharge
55
Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for providing support in plants?
Answer
(D)
Cell walls and turgor pressure
56
Metamorphosis is a biological process that involves
Answer
(B)
The change in form and structure during the life cycle of certain organisms
57
Which of the following organs is primarily responsible for excretion in humans?
Answer
(C)
Kidneys
58
Which of the following is the correct classification of carbohydrates?
Answer
(C)
Macronutrient
59
Which of the following eye defects is caused by the inability of the eye to focus light on the retina?
Answer
(B)
Myopia
60
Germination is the process in which a seed
Answer
(D)
Breaks dormancy and starts to grow
61
Which of the following statements is true regarding sexual reproduction in organisms?
Answer
(A)
It involves the fusion of gametes from two parents, resulting in offspring with genetic variation
62
Which of the following is a method of asexual reproduction in plants?
Answer
(B)
Vegetative propagation
63
Which of the following plant tissues is responsible for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant?
Answer
(B)
Xylem
64
Which of the following statements best describes courtship behaviors in animals?
Answer
(B)
Courtship behaviors involve displays and rituals performed by both males and females to attract a mate
65
Which of the following best describes physiological variation in biology?
Answer
(A)
Variations in the physiological processes and functions of organisms
66
Which of the following options correctly identifies excretory organs in animals?
Answer
(B)
Lungs, kidneys, and skin
67
Which of the following best describes the concept of trophic levels in a functioning ecosystem?
Answer
(B)
The levels of energy flow within an ecosystem
68
Which of the following statements best describes pollination in plants?
Answer
(B)
Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower
69
Which of the following best describes a natural habitat in ecology?
Answer
(A)
An area where organisms naturally live and interact with their surroundings
70
Which of the following statements about viruses is true?
Answer
(B)
Viruses require a host cell to replicate
71
Which of the following statements is true regarding cell growth?
Answer
(D)
Cell growth occurs by cell division
72
Which of the following statements is true regarding the urinary tubule in the excretory system?
Answer
(A)
The urinary tubule is responsible for the production of urine
73
What is the primary function of the liver in the human body?
Answer
(D)
Detoxification and metabolism of nutrients and drugs
74
Ecological succession refers to
Answer
(D)
The gradual and predictable change in a community over time
75
Which of the following options best describes adaptation for survival in organisms?
Answer
(D)
Adaptation involves the development of new traits in response to changes in the environment