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Essential Chemistry for IGCSE - Biological Molecules (Section 2)

1
What type of reaction does the enzyme catalyze?
Answer
(C)
They catalyze only specific reactions.
2
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
Answer
(A)
C6H12O6
3
What are the advantages of ethanol production by fermentation?
Answer
A
D
4
Which of the following are the monomers that make up carbohydrates?
Answer
A
D
5
What is formed when amino acids join together?
Answer
(A)
Peptide bonds
6
Which of the following statements best describes the process of paper chromatography for identifying sugars?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
7
What are the main products of fermentation of glucose?
Answer
(C)
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
8
Which of the following are examples of polysaccharides?
Answer
B
C
9
What type of reaction is the formation of a polypeptide chain from amino acids?
Answer
(B)
Condensation polymerization
10
Which of the following is an example of a condensation reaction?
Answer
(B)
The formation of a peptide bond.
11
What is the name of the linkage formed when monosaccharides join together to make a polysaccharide?
Answer
(B)
Glycosidic bond
12
What is the role of enzymes in the hydrolysis of starch?
Answer
(B)
To speed up the reaction.
13
Which of the following statements is true about the hydrolysis of a protein?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
14
What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the hydrolysis of proteins?
Answer
(C)
To act as a reactant and break down the protein.
15
What does denaturing mean in the context of enzymes?
Answer
(C)
The enzyme loses its shape.
16
How can the rate of fermentation be increased?
Answer
(C)
By increasing the concentration of yeast.
17
Why is the formation of a protein from amino acids considered a condensation reaction?
Answer
(D)
A water molecule is eliminated.
18
Which of the following describes the best conditions for enzymes to work in?
Answer
(C)
Optimal temperature and pH
19
In paper chromatography, how are amino acids identified?
Answer
A
B
20
What is the process of joining two amino acids called?
Answer
(C)
Condensation
21
What is the primary function of enzymes in biological reactions?
Answer
(C)
To act as a catalyst.
22
Which of the following are considered complex carbohydrates?
Answer
B
C
23
How are simple sugars formed?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolysis of a polysaccharide.
24
What is the role of yeast in the fermentation process?
Answer
(B)
To convert glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide
25
Which compound is represented by the empirical formula C₆H₁₂O₆?
Answer
(C)
Glucose
26
Which of the following is NOT a correct statement regarding the hydrolysis of starch?
Answer
(D)
The glycosidic bonds are formed.
27
Which of the following is a step in the formation of a protein?
Answer
(B)
Condensation
28
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
Answer
(B)
C6H12O6
29
Which of the following are examples of monosaccharides?
Answer
A
B
30
Which of the following is a feature of paper chromatography?
Answer
(B)
The use of a locating agent
31
What type of bond is formed between amino acids?
Answer
(C)
Amide (peptide)
32
What is the main function of carbohydrates in the human body?
Answer
(B)
Providing energy
33
What is the main source of energy for making ethanol by fermentation?
Answer
(B)
Glucose
34
What is a common example of a polysaccharide?
Answer
(C)
Starch
35
What is the general formula for a carbohydrate?
Answer
(B)
CnH2nOn
36
Which of these are NOT a product of fermentation?
Answer
(D)
Oxygen
37
Which of the following are true regarding the structure of a protein?
Answer
A
B
D
38
What type of macromolecules are starch and cellulose?
Answer
(C)
Carbohydrates
39
Which molecules are used to identify the sugars formed by hydrolysis?
Answer
A
D
40
Which of the following would you expect to find in a hydrolysis reaction?
Answer
(A)
Water as a reactant
41
When proteins are broken down via hydrolysis, what are the products?
Answer
(A)
Amino acids
42
Which of the following are needed in the process of making ethanol by fermentation?
Answer
A
B
D
43
Which of the following is NOT a product of fermentation?
Answer
(D)
Glucose
44
What are the two products of the fermentation of glucose?
Answer
A
B
45
Which of the following statements are true about enzymes?
Answer
A
B
C
46
What is the general name for large molecules that make up food?
Answer
(C)
Macromolecules
47
What type of reaction occurs when monomers join to form polymers, with the removal of water?
Answer
(B)
Condensation
48
Which of the following processes lead to the formation of polymers?
Answer
A
C
49
When is the concentration of ethanol in the mixture high enough to reach a point that can kill the yeast?
Answer
(C)
When 14% is present
50
Which of the following are complex carbohydrates?
Answer
B
C