Which of the following is required for the activation of fatty acids before beta-oxidation?
Answer
(C)
ATP and CoA
2
β-oxidation of fatty acids in liver:
Answer
(C)
Occurs in the mitochondria
3
Free fatty acids are transported in plasma as a:
Answer
(D)
Ligand bound to albumin
4
What is the main function of hormone-sensitive lipase?
Answer
(B)
To break down triglycerides
5
Which of the following processes is/are stimulated by glucagon?
Answer
(A)
Lipolysis
6
Which of the following are involved in the synthesis of triacylglycerols?
Answer
A
B
C
7
Which process is stimulated during fasting?
Answer
(A)
Lipolysis
8
Which is the primary source of glycerol-3-phosphate used in the liver for triacylglycerol synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Glucose
9
Where does fatty acid synthesis primarily occur?
Answer
(B)
Cytoplasm
10
What apoprotein does LDL contain?
Answer
(B)
Apo B-100
11
What is the role of lipases in the body?
Answer
(B)
To break down triglycerides.
12
Which lipoprotein is formed in the liver and transports endogenous triacylglycerols?
Answer
(B)
VLDL
13
Which particles transport dietary fats from the intestine?
Answer
(A)
Chylomicrons
14
What is the role of lipoprotein lipase in lipid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
Hydrolyzing triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDLs
15
Which of the following processes is stimulated during a state of starvation?
Answer
A
B
16
A 55-year-old man had elevated serum cholesterol level. He started to take simvastatin and 3 months later his cholesterol was normal. Which enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis is inhibited by simvastatin?
Answer
(A)
HMG-CoA reductase
17
What is the primary product of triacylglycerol digestion?
Answer
(A)
Glycerol and fatty acids
18
Which of the following is an activator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
Answer
(B)
Citrate
19
Which disease is characterized by the accumulation of glucocerebroside?
Answer
(B)
Gaucher disease
20
Which of the following is a characteristic of fatty acid synthase?
Answer
B
D
21
Which of the following processes is activated by glucagon?
Answer
(C)
Lipolysis
22
Which hormone promotes the synthesis of fatty acids?
Answer
(A)
Insulin
23
What molecule is required for carnitine shuttle to function?
Answer
(C)
Carnitine
24
Which of the following processes would be enhanced during starvation?
Answer
B
C
25
What are the main roles of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
Transport fatty acids into the mitochondria
26
What is the role of carnitine in lipid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
Transporting fatty acids into the mitochondria
27
Where does beta-oxidation occur within the cell?
Answer
(B)
Mitochondrial matrix
28
Which of the following is NOT an end product of fatty acid oxidation?
Answer
(D)
Glucose
29
What is the function of ceramide?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
30
Which one is the most important preventive measure against the development of atherosclerosis?
Answer
(A)
Eat a low fat diet
31
A 32-year-old heavy smoker developed a sudden crushing chest pain. Myocardial infarction was confirmed. What are the preventive measures against the development of heart disease?
Answer
A
B
C
D
32
What is the role of that enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis?
Answer
(A)
It is a rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis
33
What type of lipoprotein transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver?
Answer
(C)
HDL
34
Which of the following compounds is produced during beta-oxidation of fatty acids?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA
35
Ketosis occurs in all of the following conditions, except:
Answer
(D)
High fat diet
36
What are the main uses of acetyl-CoA?
Answer
A
B
C
37
Which of the following are involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation?
Answer
A
B
C
38
Which of the following is involved in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
A
B
D
39
What is the source of glycerol-3-phosphate for triacylglycerol synthesis in adipose tissue?
Answer
(A)
From glycolysis (DHAP)
40
Name the enzyme that esterifies cholesterol in tissues.
Answer
(B)
ACAT
41
Which enzyme is deficient in Gaucher's disease?
Answer
(C)
Glucocerebrosidase
42
What is the main function of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
To carry fatty acids into the mitochondria for beta-oxidation.
43
Number of β-oxidation cycles undergo a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid:
Answer
(B)
7
44
What cofactors are essential for the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
Answer
(A)
Biotin, ATP, and CO2
45
What are the end products of beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA, NADH, FADH2
46
What is the function of LDL (low-density lipoprotein)?
Answer
(B)
Transport cholesterol from the liver to tissues.
47
In what cellular location does fatty acid beta-oxidation occur?
Answer
(B)
Mitochondrial matrix
48
Where does the synthesis of triacylglycerols occur?
Answer
(A)
Liver and adipose tissue
49
Which of the following apolipoproteins is associated with LDL?
Answer
(B)
ApoB-100
50
What is the primary function of lipoprotein lipase?
Answer
(B)
Hydrolyzing triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDLs
