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Essential Biochemistry - Lipid Metabolism (Section 13)

1
What molecule provides the reducing equivalents (NADPH) for fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(C)
NADPH
2
Which of the following is a component of sphingolipids?
Answer
(B)
Sphingosine
3
Which conditions favor ketogenesis?
Answer
A
C
4
What hormone stimulates fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(A)
Insulin
5
Which enzyme is essential for the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
Carnitine Acyltransferase I
6
Which enzyme catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA?
Answer
(C)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
7
What are the causes of fatty liver?
Answer
A
B
C
8
What enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the first committed step in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
9
Which enzyme catalyzes the committed step in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(A)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
10
Which of the following molecules are the products of beta-oxidation?
Answer
A
B
C
11
Which lipoprotein has protective effect against the disorder? (Referring to case history 5 in the image)
Answer
(A)
HDL
12
What is the role of ApoE in lipoprotein metabolism?
Answer
(C)
Mediates the uptake of chylomicron remnants and VLDL remnants by the liver
13
What is the source of glycerol-3-phosphate in the liver?
Answer
(B)
From glucose by glycolysis
14
Which disease results from a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase?
Answer
(C)
Gaucher disease
15
What are the main roles of carnitine in fatty acid metabolism?
Answer
(A)
Transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria
16
What is the effect of alcohol on NADH/NAD+ ratio?
Answer
(A)
Increases it
17
What are the major functions of fatty acids?
Answer
A
B
D
18
Which of the following is/are ketone bodies?
Answer
A
B
19
Which of the following is a ketone body?
Answer
(B)
Acetoacetate
20
Which lipoprotein transports triglycerides from the liver to the tissues?
Answer
(B)
VLDL
21
Which of the following lipoproteins primarily transports cholesterol from the liver to the peripheral tissues?
Answer
(C)
LDL
22
Which condition is associated with the deficiency of lipoprotein lipase?
Answer
(A)
Type I hyperlipoproteinemia
23
Which enzyme is responsible for activating fatty acids before beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
Acyl-CoA synthetase
24
What stimulates fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(A)
Insulin
25
What is the role of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS)?
Answer
(A)
Metabolizing ethanol
26
A key intermediate in the biosynthesis of both glycerophospholipid and triacylglycerol is:
Answer
A
D
27
Which of the following lipoproteins is rich in cholesterol?
Answer
(B)
LDL
28
Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to the tissues?
Answer
(C)
LDL
29
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Type IIa familial hypercholesterolemia?
Answer
(D)
Increased HDL levels
30
Which molecule is a key intermediate in the synthesis of both triglycerides and phospholipids?
Answer
(A)
Glycerol-3-phosphate
31
Where does the synthesis of fatty acids mainly occur?
Answer
(B)
Cytosol
32
What is the main source of ketone bodies?
Answer
(B)
Liver
33
Which of the following is the primary source of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(C)
Pentose phosphate pathway
34
Which enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
35
What is a common cause of elevated triglycerides in the blood?
Answer
(A)
Excessive alcohol intake
36
Which of the following molecules activates Acetyl-CoA carboxylase?
Answer
(B)
Citrate