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Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Automated And Emerging Technologies (Section 8)

1
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using an automated system?
Answer
(B)
Requires more maintenance.
2
What does the term 'sensor' refer to in the context of automated systems?
Answer
(C)
A device that detects and responds to some type of input from the physical environment.
3
What does an "actuator" do within a system?
Answer
(C)
Performs a physical action.
4
In a nuclear power plant, what is the benefit of using automation?
Answer
A
B
C
5
In which industrial application is automation heavily relied on?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
6
Which of the following is a major advantage of using automated systems in the nuclear power station example?
Answer
(D)
It makes the workplace safer and minimizes the need for human intervention.
7
In the chemical process example, what will happen after the liquid is added?
Answer
(A)
A color change will occur.
8
In an automated weather station, which instrument measures the amount of rainfall?
Answer
(C)
Rain Gauge
9
What is the role of an 'actuator' in an automated system?
Answer
(B)
To control the system's actions based on input from sensors.
10
Which of the following is a characteristic of an effective automated system?
Answer
A
B
11
Which element is responsible for controlling a system's actions in an automated environment?
Answer
(A)
Actuators
12
In a self-parking car, what is the function of the ultrasonic sensors?
Answer
(B)
To detect and measure the distance to nearby objects.
13
What type of data do machine learning algorithms use to identify spam emails?
Answer
(A)
Labeled data.
14
What is the primary purpose of a 'knowledge base' in an expert system?
Answer
(A)
To store the system's rules and facts.
15
What is a key advantage of machine learning?
Answer
A
B
D
16
What is the benefit of automated systems in the context of the house example?
Answer
(B)
Reduced energy consumption.
17
In an automated lighting system, which sensors might be used in conjunction with light sensors?
Answer
(C)
Motion sensors and infrared sensors
18
In machine learning, what does the term 'generalization' refer to?
Answer
(A)
The ability of a model to perform well on new, unseen data.
19
Which of the following is NOT stated as a characteristic of a robot?
Answer
(B)
Ability to make decisions on its own.
20
In what sector is an autonomous train most used?
Answer
(D)
Transport.
21
What does a robot vacuum cleaner do?
Answer
(A)
It is an autonomous cleaner
22
Which components are typically found in an automated weather station?
Answer
A
B
C
23
What are the advantages of using machine learning to improve search engine results?
Answer
A
B
D
24
In the chemical process example, what does the automated system control?
Answer
(D)
All of the above.
25
In the context of automated systems, what is an actuator?
Answer
(C)
A device that performs physical actions based on system decisions.
26
What is the purpose of an automated system?
Answer
(B)
To perform tasks with minimal human intervention.
27
In an automated lighting system, what component is responsible for turning the lights on or off?
Answer
(B)
The light sensor or timer.
28
Which is a disadvantage of autonomous cars?
Answer
(A)
Higher initial cost.
29
In an automated lighting system, what component directly controls the lights?
Answer
(C)
The microcontroller.
30
Which of the following is the main problem of autonomous trains?
Answer
(D)
The security issues.
31
What is an example of autonomous system used in the home?
Answer
(B)
A robot vacuum cleaner.
32
What is a key advantage of machine learning in the context of a search engine?
Answer
(B)
It can personalize search results.
33
In agriculture, what tasks can robots perform?
Answer
B
D
34
What is the primary role of sensors in an automated system?
Answer
(B)
To measure parameters and provide data.
35
Which of the following are examples of automated systems?
Answer
A
B
D
36
What is the purpose of light sensors in an automated lighting system?
Answer
(C)
To determine the level of ambient light.
37
What is an advantage of autonomous cars, as stated in the text?
Answer
(C)
Reduced traffic flow.
38
Which part of the self-parking car is responsible for the physical steering?
Answer
(C)
The actuators.
39
In machine learning, what is the term for the process of adjusting the model's parameters to reduce the error between predicted and actual values?
Answer
(B)
Training.
40
Which of the following describes a feature of an automated system in agriculture?
Answer
(B)
Uses sensors to monitor irrigation conditions.
41
What key tasks are undertaken by an automated system to enable its operation?
Answer
A
B
C
42
What is usually the role of the CPU in an automated system?
Answer
A
C
43
What type of information do autonomous cars use to build up a 3D image of their surroundings?
Answer
(C)
Radar and ultrasonic waves.
44
In machine learning, what is the role of 'unlabeled data'?
Answer
(C)
To discover patterns and relationships in the data.
45
What is a common benefit of automated systems in manufacturing?
Answer
(C)
Enhanced product consistency.
46
In a self-parking car, what action is primarily controlled by actuators?
Answer
(C)
Controlling the steering, brakes, and throttle.
47
What is a key characteristic of machine learning algorithms?
Answer
(B)
They improve their performance with experience.
48
What is the core principle of an automated system?
Answer
(B)
Independent operation with minimal human input.
49
What is an advantage of using a machine learning model to detect fraudulent activity?
Answer
(B)
It can adapt to evolving fraud techniques.
50
Which are examples of robots used in agriculture?
Answer
A
B
C
D