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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Transport In Animals (Section 2)

1
What is the function of the T wave on an ECG?
Answer
(C)
Ventricular repolarization
2
Which of the following describes the correct pathway of blood flow through the heart?
Answer
(C)
Right atrium -> right ventricle -> left atrium -> left ventricle
3
Which of the following blood vessels has the highest blood pressure?
Answer
(B)
Aorta
4
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
Answer
(C)
Defending against disease
5
Which vessels supply the heart muscle with blood?
Answer
(B)
Coronary arteries
6
Where does oxygen bind to in red blood cells?
Answer
(C)
Hemoglobin
7
Which of the following describes the shape of a red blood cell?
Answer
(B)
Disc-shaped
8
What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle?
Answer
(D)
Tricuspid valve
9
What is the role of the endothelium in blood vessels?
Answer
(B)
To prevent blood clotting
10
What is the main role of the right atrium in the heart?
Answer
(C)
To receive deoxygenated blood from the body.
11
Which of the following is NOT a function of platelets?
Answer
(D)
Transporting oxygen
12
What is the function of the aorta?
Answer
(B)
To carry blood from the heart to the body.
13
Which of the following lifestyle changes would likely improve blood pressure?
Answer
A
C
D
14
What is the name of the membrane that surrounds the heart?
Answer
(A)
Pericardium
15
What happens to the heart rate during exercise?
Answer
(C)
It increases.
16
What is a common diagnostic tool used to assess heart function?
Answer
(B)
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
17
What is the effect of high blood pressure on the heart?
Answer
(C)
It can weaken the heart muscle.
18
Which of the following is a function of the blood?
Answer
A
B
C
D
19
What is the role of cholesterol in the development of coronary heart disease?
Answer
(B)
It is a major component of plaque
20
What happens to the heart rate during exercise?
Answer
(C)
Increases
21
What is the function of iron in the context of red blood cells?
Answer
(B)
To bind to oxygen
22
What is the role of the pulmonary artery?
Answer
(B)
To carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
23
Which factors contribute to the development of atherosclerosis?
Answer
A
B
C
24
What is the term for the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle?
Answer
(B)
Systole
25
Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood?
Answer
(D)
Aorta
26
What is the name given to the process of a white blood cell engulfing a pathogen?
Answer
(C)
Phagocytosis
27
Which of the following is a characteristic of arteries?
Answer
(C)
They carry blood away from the heart
28
Which part of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Answer
(C)
Left atrium
29
What is the name of the protein that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during blood clotting?
Answer
(B)
Fibrin
30
What is the function of the scab that forms over a cut?
Answer
(B)
To stop blood loss and protect the wound
31
What is the most accurate description of what happens in phagocytosis?
Answer
(A)
Pathogens are engulfed and destroyed by white blood cells.
32
What is the 'plasma' mainly composed of?
Answer
(C)
Water
33
What is the primary function of veins?
Answer
(B)
To carry blood to the heart.
34
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
Answer
(B)
To transport substances throughout the body
35
What are the signs of a heart attack?
Answer
A
B
C
36
Which dietary changes are beneficial for heart health?
Answer
A
B
C
37
Which type of blood vessel is responsible for gas exchange?
Answer
(C)
Capillaries
38
What are some modifiable risk factors for CHD?
Answer
A
B
39
What is the primary function of blood vessels?
Answer
(B)
To transport blood.
40
During ventricular systole, which of the following events occurs?
Answer
(B)
Ventricular contraction
41
Which component of blood helps prevent the entry of pathogens?
Answer
(C)
Lymphocytes
42
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for CHD?
Answer
(C)
Regular exercise
43
What is the main cause of a heart attack?
Answer
(B)
A blockage in a coronary artery
44
What are some of the key symptoms of a heart attack?
Answer
A
B
C
45
What is the purpose of the pulmonary artery?
Answer
(B)
To carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs
46
What are some of the benefits of regular exercise on cardiovascular health?
Answer
A
B
C
D
47
Which component of blood carries oxygen?
Answer
(D)
Red blood cells
48
What is the function of the superior vena cava?
Answer
(B)
To carry deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart.
49
What is the function of the semilunar valves?
Answer
(B)
Preventing backflow into the ventricles
50
Which of the following are ways to reduce the risk of heart disease?
Answer
A
B
C