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Biology for IGCSE & O level - Human Nutrition (Section 4)

1
Which of the following would be the result if the gastric glands did not secrete mucus?
Answer
(A)
The stomach wall would be digested.
2
What is the first step in digestion?
Answer
(B)
Ingestion
3
Which of the following is a key function of the stomach?
Answer
(B)
Mechanical and chemical digestion.
4
Which of the following is an example of a food that is rich in fibre?
Answer
(C)
Brown rice
5
What is the role of the stomach in digestion?
Answer
(B)
Mechanical and chemical digestion
6
Which of the following diseases is most likely caused by a lack of vitamin C?
Answer
(B)
Scurvy
7
In which part of the digestive system is the chyme mixed with bile and pancreatic enzymes?
Answer
(C)
Duodenum
8
What is the primary function of the oesophagus in the digestive system?
Answer
(C)
To transport food from the mouth to the stomach.
9
What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?
Answer
(A)
To regulate the passage of chyme into the small intestine.
10
What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Answer
(A)
Epiglottis
11
What does the process of emulsification achieve?
Answer
(C)
Breaks large fat globules into smaller droplets.
12
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
Answer
(C)
To absorb water and form feces.
13
Which of the following is the correct order of food passage from mouth to anus?
Answer
(A)
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus
14
Which disease is associated with a deficiency in iron?
Answer
(B)
Anemia
15
Which type of teeth is best suited for piercing and tearing food?
Answer
(B)
Canines
16
What type of nutrient is water considered to be?
Answer
(A)
Macronutrient
17
Which of the following is true about the movement of food through the oesophagus?
Answer
(B)
It occurs through peristalsis.
18
Which type of teeth are mainly for tearing food?
Answer
(B)
Canines
19
Which of the following best describes the difference between physical and chemical digestion?
Answer
(B)
Physical digestion breaks down large food particles, chemical digestion involves chemical reactions.
20
What is the name of the substance that protects the inner lining of the stomach from the acid?
Answer
(B)
Mucus
21
What is the name of the hard outer layer of a tooth?
Answer
(B)
Enamel
22
What type of teeth are used for grinding?
Answer
(C)
Premolars
23
What process describes the wave-like muscular contractions that propel food through the oesophagus?
Answer
(B)
Peristalsis
24
What are the major stages of digestion?
Answer
A
B
C
D
25
Which of the following are functions of vitamins in the human body?
Answer
B
C
26
Which of the following is/are true about peristalsis?
Answer
A
C
27
What is the primary role of the large intestine?
Answer
(B)
Absorption of water.
28
What is the primary function of incisors?
Answer
(B)
Cutting food.
29
What is the role of the small intestine in digestion?
Answer
A
B
30
Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the breakdown of proteins into amino acids?
Answer
(C)
Trypsin
31
Which of these contribute to the efficient absorption of food?
Answer
A
B
D
32
Which part of the digestive system produces bile?
Answer
(B)
Liver
33
Which of the following enzymes break down carbohydrates?
Answer
A
D
34
Which of the following events occur during digestion in the stomach?
Answer
B
C
35
Which of the following conditions can be caused by Vitamin C deficiency?
Answer
(B)
Scurvy
36
What are the key components that make up a balanced diet?
Answer
A
B
C
D
37
Which of the following is a trace element which is essential for the transport of oxygen by the red blood cells?
Answer
(A)
Iron
38
Which part of a tooth contains nerves and blood vessels?
Answer
(C)
Pulp cavity
39
What is the name for the type of digestion that involves enzymes?
Answer
(C)
Chemical Digestion
40
Which of these is a characteristic of a balanced diet?
Answer
(C)
Including a variety of foods from all food groups.
41
Which of the following is the enzyme that breaks down fats?
Answer
(C)
Lipase
42
Which of the following is a good source of fiber?
Answer
(B)
Fruits and vegetables
43
Which types of teeth are used for crushing and grinding food?
Answer
C
D
44
Which of the following is the site of the most nutrient absorption?
Answer
(D)
Small Intestine
45
What is the role of the liver in digestion?
Answer
B
D
46
Which of the following does not contain a significant amount of protein?
Answer
(C)
Pasta
47
Which nutrient is essential for tissue repair and growth?
Answer
(B)
Proteins
48
Which of the following substances are needed for the body to function properly?
Answer
A
B
C
D
49
Which of the following is important for healthy bones?
Answer
(B)
Vitamin D
50
What are the four basic types of teeth in humans?
Answer
(D)
Incisors, canines, premolars, and molars