Which of the following enzymes does NOT exhibit allosteric regulation?
Trả lời
(C)
Succinate thiokinase
2
Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle?
Trả lời
(C)
Pyruvate
3
Which of the following citric acid cycle intermediates CANNOT be derived from amino acids?
Trả lời
(C)
Malate
4
Where does the process of glycolysis take place?
Trả lời
(B)
Cytosol
5
What is the final product of aerobic glycolysis?
Trả lời
(C)
Pyruvate
6
Under conditions of fasting, which enzyme is primarily responsible for glucose phosphorylation?
Trả lời
(A)
Hexokinase
7
Where can glucokinase be found?
Trả lời
(C)
Liver
8
What is the net energy gain (in ATP equivalents) from each glucose molecule in anaerobic glycolysis?
Trả lời
(A)
2 ATP equivalents
9
Which of the listed enzymes is regulated allosterically?
Trả lời
(D)
Phosphofructokinase
10
In which of these locations is glycolysis anaerobic?
Trả lời
(D)
Erythrocytes
11
Which substance acts as an allosteric inhibitor of phosphofructokinase?
Trả lời
(D)
Citrate
12
Which molecule functions as an allosteric inhibitor for glucose-6-phosphate?
Trả lời
(B)
Hexokinase
13
In the context of enzyme regulation, ATP serves as both a co-substrate and an allosteric inhibitor for which enzyme?
Trả lời
(A)
Phosphofructokinase
14
The complete breakdown of a single glucose molecule into carbon dioxide and water generates approximately how many ATP molecules?
Trả lời
(D)
38 ATP equivalents
15
Which unique compound is produced during glycolysis specifically in red blood cells?
Trả lời
(C)
2, 3-Biphosphoglycerate
16
Which enzyme in the given list utilizes inorganic phosphate in its reaction?
Trả lời
(A)
Phosphoglycerate kinase
17
The Rapoport-Luebering cycle is primarily found in which type of cells?
Trả lời
(D)
Erythrocytes
18
Through which intermediate can glycerol enter the glycolytic pathway?
Trả lời
(A)
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
19
The HMP shunt metabolic pathway is present in which of the following?
Trả lời
(D)
All of these
20
Which factor triggers the production of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase?
Trả lời
(D)
Insulin
21
In the HMP shunt, what enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation reaction?
Trả lời
(C)
6-Phosphogluconate decarboxylase
22
What is the initial pentose sugar produced during the HMP shunt?
Trả lời
(B)
Ribulose-5-phosphate
23
Which enzyme plays a regulatory role in the HMP shunt?
Trả lời
(C)
Both (A) and (B)
24
What factors influence the speed of the HMP shunt reactions?
Trả lời
(A)
Increased by Insulin
25
Which nucleotide is essential for the process of glycogenesis?
Trả lời
(C)
UTP
26
What type of bond does glycogen synthetase create?
Trả lời
(A)
α-1, 4-Glycosidic bonds
27
Which hormone enhances glycogenolysis?
Trả lời
(B)
Insulin
28
Which hormone primarily stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver?
Trả lời
(B)
Glucagon
29
What molecule is released from glycogen by glycogen phosphorylase?
Trả lời
(C)
Glucose-1-phosphate
30
Following the action of phosphorylase, what is glycogen transformed into?
Trả lời
(B)
dextrin
31
In which of the following tissues is the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to free glucose not possible?
Trả lời
(C)
Muscles
32
Which of the following molecules acts as a coenzyme in phosphorylase?
Trả lời
(B)
Pyridoxal phosphate
33
What is the approximate ATP equivalent energy yield if glucose-1-phosphate, produced by glycogen breakdown in muscle, is fully converted to CO₂ and H₂O?
Trả lời
(B)
3 ATP equivalents
34
How many subunits comprise a single molecule of phosphorylase kinase?
Trả lời
(D)
16 subunits
35
To which type of subunit does cyclic AMP bind?
Trả lời
(B)
Regulatory subunits of protein kinase
36
Which of the following cell types relies exclusively on glucose for its energy needs?
Trả lời
(C)
Erythrocytes
37
Where does the glycerol-3-phosphate used to create triglycerides in fat tissue originate?
Trả lời
(D)
Glucose
38
In which organ does gluconeogenesis not take place?
Trả lời
(C)
Muscles
39
From which of the following substances can glucose not be created?
Trả lời
(D)
Leucine
40
Which molecule serves as a coenzyme for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase?
Trả lời
(C)
GTP
41
Which of the following is a therapeutic enzyme?
Trả lời
(D)
Streptokinase and Asparaginase
42
Which enzyme facilitates gluconeogenesis?
Trả lời
(C)
Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase
43
What mechanisms govern the regulation of Glucose-6-phosphatase and PEP carboxy kinase?
Trả lời
(C)
Induction and repression
44
What is the longest possible carbon chain length during de novo fatty acid synthesis?
Trả lời
(A)
16 Carbon atoms
45
From what source is Acetyl CoA derived for new fatty acid synthesis?
Trả lời
(D)
Pyruvate and related processes
46
What enzyme(s) is/are necessary for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA during fatty acid synthesis?
Trả lời
(D)
All of the listed enzymes
47
Where does the primary elongation of medium-chain fatty acids occur?
Trả lời
(C)
Microsomes
48
Which substance inhibits beta-oxidation of fatty acids?
Trả lời
(C)
Malonyl CoA
49
Which enzyme controls fatty acid synthesis outside the mitochondria?
