JAMB - Chemistry (2025 - No. 86)
Giải thích
The primary active ingredient in most modern automotive antifreeze is ethylene glycol (also known as ethanediol or glycol), or the less toxic propylene glycol. However, historically and in some specific formulations, propanetriol, more commonly known as glycerol (or glycerine), has also been used as an antifreeze agent. Propanetriol is effective, non-toxic, and can withstand high temperatures. Given the options provided, propanetriol is the correct answer - option A.
B. propanol (also known as 1-propanol) is an alcohol and can be used as an antifreeze in specific applications (like windscreen washer fluid de-icers), but it is generally not used as the primary, long-term antifreeze in a vehicle's radiator due to its volatility (it evaporates easily).
C. propanone (also known as acetone) is a solvent and not used as an antifreeze in vehicle radiators.
D. propanal (also known as propionaldehyde) is an aldehyde primarily used in chemical synthesis and is not an antifreeze agent for vehicle cooling systems.