Biology for IGCSE & O level - Inheritance (Section 6)
1
Which of the following processes is directly responsible for creating genetic variation?
Trả lời
(D)
Crossing over during meiosis
2
What is the role of a promoter region in a gene?
Trả lời
(B)
To signal the start of transcription.
3
Which of the following is the correct order of events in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
(B)
Transcription, Translation, Replication
4
What is the expected phenotypic ratio in a monohybrid cross if the alleles show incomplete dominance?
Trả lời
(B)
1:2:1
5
Which of the following contribute to genetic variation?
Trả lời
A
B
C
6
What are the products of meiosis II?
Trả lời
(D)
Four haploid cells
7
What is the term that refers to different forms of a gene?
Trả lời
(B)
Allele
8
How many chromosomes are typically found in a human somatic (body) cell?
Trả lời
(B)
46
9
What information can be derived from a pedigree chart?
Trả lời
A
B
C
10
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the products of meiosis?
Trả lời
(C)
The resulting cells are haploid.
11
Which process results in the separation of homologous chromosomes?
Trả lời
(B)
Meiosis I
12
During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope reform?
Trả lời
(D)
Telophase
13
Which of the following statements is true regarding the inheritance of autosomal dominant disorders?
Trả lời
A
B
D
14
Which of the following is an example of a human trait determined by multiple alleles?
Trả lời
(A)
Blood type (ABO)
15
What is the significance of the F1 generation in Mendelian genetics?
Trả lời
(B)
It is the result of crossing the P generation.
16
If two genes are located very close together on the same chromosome, what is more likely to happen?
Trả lời
(C)
Genetic linkage
17
What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?
Trả lời
(A)
The genotype determines the phenotype.
18
Which of the following is the primary goal of meiosis?
Trả lời
(C)
Production of gametes.
19
In a situation of incomplete dominance, what is the phenotype of a heterozygote?
Trả lời
(C)
It is a blend of the two parental phenotypes.
20
Which of the following are directly involved in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
A
B
C
21
Which process involves the synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template?
Trả lời
(C)
Transcription
22
Which type of inheritance is characterized by the interaction between two or more genes to control a single phenotype?
Trả lời
(B)
Epistasis
23
Which of the following is true about meiosis II?
Trả lời
(C)
Sister chromatids separate.
24
In a pedigree, what does a filled-in (shaded) symbol represent?
Trả lời
(C)
An individual expressing the trait
25
What is the name of the process where a strand of DNA is used to make a complementary RNA molecule?
Trả lời
(B)
Transcription
26
Which of the following are events in Meiosis I?
Trả lời
A
C
D
27
What is the role of a ribosome in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
(C)
To read the mRNA code and assemble amino acids into a protein.
28
Which processes are involved in sexual reproduction?
Trả lời
A
B
29
What is the significance of crossing over in meiosis?
Trả lời
(B)
It increases genetic diversity.
30
If two genes are linked, what does that mean?
Trả lời
(B)
They are on the same chromosome.
31
What is the purpose of the start codon in translation?
Trả lời
(B)
To initiate protein synthesis.
32
What is the diploid number for human cells?
Trả lời
(B)
46
33
If a woman is a carrier for an X-linked recessive trait, and her husband does NOT have the trait, what is the probability their daughter will also be a carrier?
Trả lời
(C)
50%
34
If a trait is autosomal dominant, what must the genotype of an affected individual be?
Trả lời
(D)
Aa or AA
35
What is the function of the anticodon?
Trả lời
(A)
To bind to the mRNA codon.
36
What is the primary outcome of meiosis?
Trả lời
(B)
Production of haploid gametes.
37
Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?
Trả lời
(B)
Flower color in snapdragons (red x white = pink).
38
What are the possible phenotypes resulting from a cross between a homozygous dominant and a heterozygous individual, assuming complete dominance?
Trả lời
(A)
Only the dominant phenotype.
39
What does the term 'homozygous recessive' mean?
Trả lời
(C)
Having two identical recessive alleles for a gene.
40
What is the role of the cell plate in plant cell cytokinesis?
Trả lời
(A)
To form a new cell wall.
41
During which phase of meiosis does synapsis (pairing of homologous chromosomes) occur?
Trả lời
(A)
Prophase I
42
In incomplete dominance, what will be the phenotypic ratio of offspring from a cross between two heterozygous individuals?
Trả lời
(C)
1:2:1
43
What process is represented by the phrase "DNA unwinds and forms a long thread"?
Trả lời
(D)
Decondensation
44
Which type of cell division produces genetically different cells?
Trả lời
(C)
Meiosis
45
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Trả lời
(C)
Mitosis produces genetically identical cells; meiosis produces genetically different cells.
46
What is the relationship between genes, DNA, and chromosomes?
Trả lời
(B)
Chromosomes are made of genes, which are made of DNA.
47
Which of the following are events that occur during translation? (Select all that apply)
Trả lời
A
B
D
48
In a situation where codominance is present, what will happen to the phenotype?
Trả lời
(D)
Both alleles are equally expressed in the phenotype.
49
Which of the following is an example of a phenotype?
Trả lời
(C)
An organism's observable traits.
50
During what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
