Biology for IGCSE & O level - Inheritance (Section 3)
1
What are some examples of base triplets?
Trả lời
B
D
2
Which of the following is an example of a human trait that follows Mendelian inheritance?
Trả lời
(C)
Attached earlobes
3
Which of the following is an example of a sex-linked trait in humans?
Trả lời
(C)
Red-green color blindness
4
Which of the following would be an example of codominance?
Trả lời
(B)
Blood type A, B, AB, and O
5
Which of the following occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Trả lời
(C)
The nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes.
6
In autosomal recessive inheritance, an affected individual must inherit:
Trả lời
(B)
Two copies of the affected gene, one from each parent
7
Which of the following is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template?
Trả lời
(C)
Transcription
8
In humans, the genotype for a female is typically represented by:
Trả lời
(B)
XX
9
What does the term 'recessive' refer to in genetics?
Trả lời
(B)
An allele that is only expressed when homozygous.
10
If a trait is X-linked recessive, which of the following statements is true?
Trả lời
(A)
Males are more likely to express the trait than females.
11
During Meiosis I, what happens to the homologous chromosomes?
Trả lời
(C)
They separate.
12
Which of the following processes is most directly responsible for the separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis?
Trả lời
(C)
Independent assortment
13
Which of the following are key functions of proteins in cells?
Trả lời
A
B
D
14
What is the key event that occurs during anaphase I of meiosis?
Trả lời
(A)
Homologous chromosomes separate.
15
What is the diploid number in humans?
Trả lời
(B)
46
16
What is the role of the stop codons in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
(C)
To signal the end of translation.
17
Which of the following statements about DNA structure is/are correct?
Trả lời
B
D
18
What is the outcome of meiosis in humans?
Trả lời
(C)
Four haploid cells
19
Which of the following are types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
A
B
C
20
What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
(B)
To bring amino acids to the ribosome
21
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
Trả lời
(A)
Genes are found on chromosomes.
22
Which of the following occurs during Telophase I of meiosis?
Trả lời
(C)
The nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes decondense.
23
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?
Trả lời
(B)
Protein modification and packaging
24
What is the name for the process of making an RNA copy of a gene?
Trả lời
(C)
Transcription
25
What process occurs during meiosis that increases genetic diversity?
Trả lời
(C)
Crossing over
26
Which of the following are key components of the central dogma of molecular biology?
Trả lời
A
B
C
27
Which of the following occurs during anaphase of mitosis?
Trả lời
(C)
Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
28
If two genes are located far apart on the same chromosome, what is more likely to occur?
Trả lời
(B)
Crossing over between the genes
29
In which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Trả lời
(A)
Prophase I
30
Which of the following is essential for the process of translation?
Trả lời
(D)
All of the above
31
In a dihybrid cross, what is the expected phenotypic ratio if both parents are heterozygous for both traits (assuming independent assortment and complete dominance)?
Trả lời
(A)
9:3:3:1
32
What happens to the chromosomes during anaphase of mitosis?
Trả lời
(C)
They separate and move to opposite poles.
33
What is the product of transcription?
Trả lời
(C)
mRNA
34
What are some key aspects of the genetic code?
Trả lời
A
B
C
35
Which of the following terms best describes the condition where a single gene influences multiple phenotypic traits?
Trả lời
(A)
Pleiotropy
36
What are the key functions of proteins in a cell?
Trả lời
A
B
D
37
What is the term for the location of a gene on a chromosome?
Trả lời
(B)
Locus
38
Which of the following would be the expected genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross (e.g., Tt x Tt)?
Trả lời
(B)
1:2:1
39
What does the principle of segregation state?
Trả lời
(B)
Alleles separate during gamete formation.
40
What is the term for a cell containing two sets of chromosomes?
Trả lời
(B)
Diploid
41
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
(B)
To carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.
42
What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?
Trả lời
(A)
It carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes.
43
Where does translation occur in a eukaryotic cell?
Trả lời
(B)
Ribosomes in the cytoplasm
44
In what type of cell does meiosis take place?
Trả lời
(C)
Germ cells
45
Which processes contribute to genetic variation?
Trả lời
A
B
46
What does the term 'haploid' refer to?
Trả lời
(B)
Having one set of chromosomes
47
What type of inheritance pattern results in a heterozygous individual showing a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes?
Trả lời
(B)
Incomplete dominance
48
Which of the following would be an example of a polygenic trait?
Trả lời
(A)
Eye color in humans
49
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between genes, alleles, and chromosomes?
Trả lời
A
B
50
What process is involved in the formation of mRNA from a DNA template?
