Physics for IGCSE & O level - Waves And Sounds (Section 5)
1
If ultrasound pulses take 0.03 s to travel from the boat to the seabed and return, how deep is the water under the boat, assuming the speed of sound in water is 1400 m/s?
Відповідь
(A)
21 m
2
In metal testing, what does the flaw look like on an oscilloscope?
Відповідь
(B)
Two reflected pulses
3
What happens to the frequency when a sound source moves towards you?
Відповідь
(B)
The frequency increases.
4
Which of these are examples of wave interference?
Відповідь
A
C
5
If a pulse of ultrasound takes 0.1 s to travel to the sea-bed and return, and the speed of sound in water is 1400 m/s, what is the depth of the water?
Відповідь
(B)
70 m
6
What is the role of an echo-sounder?
Відповідь
(D)
All of the above
7
What is the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?
Відповідь
(B)
Longitudinal waves are always in the same direction, while transverse waves move perpendicular
8
What is the range of frequencies humans can hear?
Відповідь
(B)
20 Hz - 20 kHz
9
The speed of sound depends on:
Відповідь
(C)
The medium it travels through
10
What is the Doppler effect?
Відповідь
(B)
The change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or observer.
11
Which wave effect explains why you can sometimes hear a sound even when you can't see its source?
Відповідь
(C)
Diffraction
12
What is being refered to when mentioning the 'quality' of a sound?
Відповідь
(C)
The timbre
13
How are energy and amplitude of a wave related?
Відповідь
(A)
Energy is proportional to amplitude.
14
How does the amplitude of a sound wave affect the loudness of the sound?
Відповідь
(C)
Higher amplitude, higher loudness
15
What is the range of human hearing in terms of frequency?
Відповідь
(B)
20 Hz to 20 kHz
16
What are compressions and rarefactions characteristics of?
Відповідь
(C)
Longitudinal waves
17
What does the amplitude of a sound wave relate to?
Відповідь
(D)
The loudness of the sound
18
What is the relationship between the period and frequency of a wave?
Відповідь
(B)
They are inversely proportional.
19
What is a 'rarefaction' in a sound wave?
Відповідь
(B)
A region where particles are spread out
20
What type of wave is represented by a Slinky being compressed and then stretched?
Відповідь
(B)
Longitudinal Wave
21
What is the name of the effect where the observed frequency of a wave changes due to the motion of the source or the observer?
Відповідь
(D)
Doppler Effect
22
Which of the following is a characteristic of longitudinal waves?
Відповідь
(B)
They require a medium to travel.
23
What is the unit for measuring the speed of sound?
Відповідь
(C)
Meters per second
24
What do musical instruments produce?
Відповідь
(A)
Complex waves
25
In the context of medical applications, why is ultrasound often preferred over X-rays?
Відповідь
(B)
Ultrasound is safer because X-rays can cause cell damage
26
What are the two main types of waves?
Відповідь
(C)
Transverse and longitudinal
27
What is an example of a medical use of ultrasound?
Відповідь
(B)
Breaking kidney stones
28
What is the relationship between the period and the frequency?
Відповідь
(B)
Inversely Proportional
29
What is the role of the ultrasound transmitter/detector in the womb scanning process?
Відповідь
(A)
To send ultrasound pulses and receive reflections
30
Which of the following is an example of reflection?
Відповідь
(B)
An echo
31
Which of these options can be cleaned with ultrasound?
Відповідь
(D)
All of the above
32
What type of wave is produced by a slinky toy when pushed and pulled?
Відповідь
(B)
Longitudinal wave
33
How does the wavelength change when the frequency increases, assuming the speed of the wave remains constant?
Відповідь
(B)
The wavelength decreases.
34
When does refraction of a wave occur?
Відповідь
(C)
When a wave passes from one medium to another and changes speed
35
What is the relationship between speed, frequency, and wavelength?
Відповідь
(C)
Speed = Frequency x Wavelength
36
What type of wave does light represent?
Відповідь
(C)
Transverse wave
37
What happens to the direction of the waves when they encounter a vertical surface?
Відповідь
(A)
They are reflected
38
How is the period of a wave related to its frequency?
Відповідь
(B)
Period = 1 / frequency
39
What is the term for the distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave?
Відповідь
(C)
Wavelength
40
In which medium do sound waves travel the fastest?
Відповідь
(D)
Solids
41
In a transverse wave, how do the oscillations move in relation to the direction of travel?
Відповідь
(C)
Perpendicular
42
What is ultrasound?
Відповідь
(C)
Sounds above the range of human hearing
43
What type of wave is created when you hit the water with a stick?
Відповідь
(B)
Transverse waves
44
What happens when a wave passes through a small gap (diffraction)?
Відповідь
(B)
The wave bends and spreads out.
45
What happens to the waves when they pass into a shallower water area?
Відповідь
(A)
They change direction
46
What affects the speed of sound?
Відповідь
A
B
C
47
In the context of waves, what does 'speed' refer to?
