Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 2)
1
Which of the following are advantages of using OLED displays compared to traditional LCD screens?
2
What key components in a barcode uniquely identify a product for sale?
3
What is the primary purpose of an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter)?
Відповідь(C)
To convert analog data into a digital format.
4
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a hard drive?
5
In a barcode, the width of the lines can represent different things. Which of the following is it associated with?
6
In the context of a computer, what is the function of OCR software?
Відповідь(A)
To convert scanned images of text into editable text formats.
7
What does the term "embedded system" refer to?
Відповідь(B)
A computer designed to perform a specific, limited set of functions.
8
Which of the following methods are used by touchscreens?
9
What is meant by the term 'disk thrashing' in the context of virtual memory?
Відповідь(B)
The excessive use of the hard drive to move data between RAM and the hard drive.
10
What is the function of the Memory Address Register (MAR)?
Відповідь(B)
To hold the address of the memory location to be accessed.
11
Which technology is NOT used for touchscreens?
12
What function does the fuser unit perform in a laser printer?
Відповідь(B)
It melts the toner onto the paper.
13
Which of the following protocols is used to automatically obtain an IP address?
14
Which one is needed in order to have an active network?
Відповідь(C)
A network interface card (NIC)
15
Which of the following statements describes the function of a network interface card (NIC)?
Відповідь(A)
Connects devices to a network.
16
Which of the following is a benefit of barcodes?
17
Which function is included in a washing machine that uses an embedded system?
18
In a street lighting system, what does the system do if the light sensor signal indicates it's nighttime?
19
What is an advantage of using a shorter wavelength laser in optical storage (e.g., Blu-ray over DVD)?
Відповідь(B)
Greater storage capacity.
20
What do digital cameras use to convert the image into a digital format?
Відповідь(A)
An array of sensors (pixels)
21
In 3D printing, what is a common material used to build objects?
22
What are the components that can be controlled by the embedded system in a digital camera? (Select all that apply)
23
In the context of a car's anti-lock braking system (ABS), what is the immediate consequence if one of the car's wheels locks up?
Відповідь(B)
The car loses steering control.
24
Which of the following are typical components controlled in a greenhouse environment?
25
What is the advantage of a QR code compared to a regular barcode for information storage?
Відповідь(B)
It can hold more information.
26
What is the purpose of a router's firewall?
Відповідь(B)
To prevent unauthorized access to the network.
27
What does the acronym 'ALU' stand for?
28
When the stock item barcode is scanned at the checkout, what item is reduced by 1?
Відповідь(C)
The number of stock items.
29
What does the term 'booting' refer to in the context of a computer?
Відповідь(B)
The process of starting up the computer.
30
What is a disadvantage of the DLP projector compared to the LCD projector?
Відповідь(A)
Image tends to suffer from "shadows" when utilizing a masking mirror.
31
What is the difference between MAC addresses and IP addresses?
32
In the context of 3D printing, what does 'layer by layer' refer to?
Відповідь(B)
The process of building an object by adding thin horizontal slices on top of one another.
33
Why are both static and dynamic IP addresses required?
Відповідь(C)
To accommodate different requirements and use cases.
34
What is the purpose of an accumulator?
Відповідь(B)
To temporarily store the results of arithmetic and logical operations.
35
What is the key benefit of using Bluetooth light bulbs?
Відповідь(C)
To control all the lights.
36
Which component is NOT part of the typical workflow of an ink-jet printer?
37
What is the fundamental difference between SSDs and HDDs in terms of data access?
Відповідь(B)
SSDs have no moving parts, enabling faster access.
38
Which of the following is a benefit of OLED technology in terms of display quality?
39
In the context of audio output, what does 'DAC' stand for?
40
In a digital camera, what does a lens do?
Відповідь(A)
Focuses the light onto the sensor.
41
In a street lighting system, which component converts the analog signals from the light sensor?
42
In a central heating system, what is the function of the temperature sensor?
Відповідь(C)
To measure the room temperature.
43
What is the main benefit of RAID?
Відповідь(C)
increased data redundancy
44
What type of information can be stored within a QR code?
45
Which storage device uses a read/write head to access data?
46
What is the primary purpose of a switch in a network?
Відповідь(A)
To connect multiple devices within a local network.
47
What does 'disk thrashing' refer to in a system using virtual memory?
Відповідь(B)
Excessive swapping of data between RAM and the hard drive, degrading performance.
48
Відповідь(A)
Internet Service Provider
49
What is the process that converts the digital data to analog in a computer?
50
Which component is responsible for the execution of instructions?
