Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 1)
1
Which one is needed in order to have an active network?
Відповідь(C)
A network interface card (NIC)
2
What is a common disadvantage of using cache memory?
Відповідь(B)
It is more expensive than main memory for the same amount of storage.
3
What does the term "overclocking" mean in the context of CPUs?
Відповідь(B)
Running the CPU at a frequency higher than its designed operating frequency.
4
What is the primary difference between a 2D and a 3D scanner?
Відповідь(B)
2D scanners capture two-dimensional images, while 3D scanners capture three-dimensional data of an object.
5
What is an advantage of OLED displays compared to LCDs, specifically for portable devices?
6
What is the main purpose of using tracks and sectors on a hard disk drive?
Відповідь(B)
To organize and store data on the platters.
7
What does the term 'cloud storage' mean?
Відповідь(B)
Storing data on remote servers accessed via the internet.
8
Which of the following is a key function of a modem?
Відповідь(C)
Converting digital signals into analog signals for transmission over phone or cable lines.
9
What is a potential drawback of overclocking a CPU?
Відповідь(A)
Increased power consumption
10
What technology does a capacitive touchscreen primarily use to detect touch?
Відповідь(C)
Changes in electrical capacitance.
11
What happens in the 'cleaning' stage of the laser printing process?
Відповідь(B)
Excess toner is removed from the drum.
12
In the context of street lighting, which component provides an analog signal?
13
Which of the following is a characteristic of static IP addresses?
14
What is the primary function of a Network Interface Card (NIC)?
Відповідь(B)
To connect a device to a network.
15
What is the function of a 'control gate' in a flash memory cell?
Відповідь(B)
To control the flow of electrons into and out of the floating gate.
16
In a central heating system, the temperature sensor sends data to which component?
17
What does the CMOS sensor in an optical mouse detect?
Відповідь(B)
Changes in reflected light.
18
What is an example of a physical address?
19
What device is needed to provide internet connection over the LAN to the computer?
20
Which of the following is a characteristic of flash memory used in solid-state drives (SSDs)?
Відповідь(C)
It stores data using floating gate transistors.
21
In a digital camera, what determines the size of the file used to share the photograph?
22
In the barcode system, what is the function of the dark and light parallel lines of varying thicknesses?
Відповідь(A)
They represent digits and are scanned by a laser or LED.
23
What is the role of the 'floating gate' in flash memory?
Відповідь(B)
It stores the charge that represents the data.
24
What is the primary purpose of the street lighting control system?
Відповідь(B)
To conserve energy by only turning the lights on at night.
25
What does the term 'LAN' stand for?
26
What are the disadvantages of cloud storage?
27
Which component in an inkjet printer dispenses the ink onto the paper?
28
What does the term 'MAC address' stand for?
Відповідь(A)
Media Access Control address
29
What component in the microphone vibrates when sound waves hit it?
30
Which of the following is a function of the DHCP server?
Відповідь(B)
Assign IP addresses to devices.
31
What is the key difference between RAM and ROM?
Відповідь(C)
RAM can be read from and written to, while ROM is typically only read.
32
In a digital camera, the sensors, after receiving light, turn it into:
33
Which is a common advantage of laser printers over ink-jet printers?
34
What is the role of the lenses in an LCD projector?
Відповідь(C)
To focus the image onto the screen
35
What type of touchscreens are most likely to be used on a phone?
36
What distinguishes a CD-R from a CD-RW?
Відповідь(B)
CD-RW can be rewritten, CD-R can't.
37
What is the function of the light sensor in street lighting applications?
Відповідь(C)
To detect the ambient light level.
38
What is the function of the micromirrors in a DLP projector?
Відповідь(C)
To create the image by tilting.
39
What does a 'hybrid cloud' refer to?
Відповідь(A)
A cloud made of both public and private clouds.
40
Which of the following is a characteristic of an embedded system?
Відповідь(B)
It is designed for a specific task.
41
Which environmental factors can be regulated in a greenhouse control system?
42
How is an image formed in a DLP projector?
Відповідь(B)
By using mirrors that reflect light.
43
What is the function of the DNS server?
Відповідь(C)
To translate domain names into IP addresses.
44
What is a potential disadvantage of wireless networking?
Відповідь(C)
Reduced security compared to wired networks.
45
What is a common application of ROM chips?
Відповідь(B)
Storing the BIOS or firmware.
46
In a digital camera, what does the Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) do?
Відповідь(A)
Converts the electric charges from the sensors into a digital image.
47
What is the potential problem when using 'disk thrashing'?
48
What is the difference between a 'write' and 'read' operation in memory?
Відповідь(B)
Write is putting data into memory, read is getting data from memory.
49
What element, often found at a checkout, is essential for the use of barcode scanning?
50
What type of signal does the microprocessor send to the other wheels if one wheel locks up in the ABS system?
Відповідь(B)
A signal to reduce the braking pressure to the affected wheel.
