Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Data Representation (Section 5)
1
What is a fundamental difference between logical and arithmetic bit shifts?
Відповідь
(B)
Arithmetic shifts preserve the sign of the number.
2
What are the properties of high-frequency waves?
Відповідь
B
C
3
Which type of compression is generally preferred for archive files where data integrity is critical?
Відповідь
(D)
Lossless
4
How many bits are in a byte?
Відповідь
(C)
8
5
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 110101?
Відповідь
(A)
53
6
What does a sample rate of 44.1 kHz mean in audio recording?
Відповідь
(B)
44,100 samples are taken per second.
7
What is the result of shifting the binary number 1011 one position to the left?
Відповідь
(B)
10110
8
What is the range of values that can be represented by a single hexadecimal digit?
Відповідь
(C)
0-15
9
What is the hexadecimal representation of the decimal number 255?
Відповідь
(A)
FF
10
What does a logical right shift do to a binary number?
Відповідь
A
B
D
11
Which system uses letters A through F along with numbers 0-9?
Відповідь
(C)
Hexadecimal
12
What is the two's complement representation of -1 in an 8-bit system?
Відповідь
(B)
11111111
13
If an 8-bit register holds the value 00001010, and you perform a logical left shift, what is the resulting value?
Відповідь
(A)
00010100
14
What is the decimal equivalent of the two's complement binary number 11111110 (assuming an 8-bit representation)?
Відповідь
(A)
-2
15
What is the result of converting the hexadecimal number "2B" to decimal?
Відповідь
(C)
42
16
What is a characteristic of a lossy compression algorithm?
Відповідь
(C)
It reduces file size by discarding data.
17
In HTML color codes, the value 00 in the #RRGGBB format indicates:
Відповідь
(B)
No intensity of that color component.
18
Which bit in two's complement representation indicates the sign of the number?
Відповідь
(B)
The most significant bit (MSB)
19
What does a 'flag' do in RLE?
Відповідь
(A)
It marks the beginning of a compressed sequence.
20
Which of the following is a common hexadecimal color code format?
Відповідь
(A)
#RRGGBB
21
What is the relationship between the number of bits used to represent a sound sample (bit depth) and the quality of the sound?
Відповідь
(C)
A higher bit depth results in a more accurate representation of the sound.
22
What characterizes lossless compression algorithms?
Відповідь
(C)
They provide a perfect reconstruction of the original data.
23
What is the primary purpose of using error codes in a software system?
Відповідь
(B)
To identify and categorize errors.
24
Which of the following is an example of a lossless compression technique?
Відповідь
(C)
RLE
25
In an 8-bit system, what operation is needed to convert the two's complement representation of a negative number to its positive value?
Відповідь
(B)
Invert the bits and add 1.
26
What is the main advantage of using Unicode over ASCII?
Відповідь
(B)
Unicode can represent characters from all known writing systems.
27
What is the base of the hexadecimal number system?
Відповідь
(D)
16
28
What are the two key concepts the JPEG reduction process is based on?
Відповідь
(A)
Human eyes don't detect differences in colour shades quite as well, and they have differentness in image brightness.
29
What does the binary number 11111111 represent in an 8-bit system?
Відповідь
(D)
All of the above, depending on context.
30
What is the main objective of data compression techniques?
Відповідь
(B)
To reduce file size.
31
What is the relationship between file size and color depth?
Відповідь
(B)
As color depth increases, file size increases.
32
If an image has a resolution of 1000x500 pixels and a color depth of 8 bits per pixel, what is the total number of bytes required to store the uncompressed image data?
Відповідь
(A)
500000 bytes
33
Which of the following is an example of lossy compression?
Відповідь
(C)
MP3
34
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 10111?
Відповідь
(B)
22
35
Which number system is used to represent the on/off states of electronic components?
Відповідь
(B)
Binary
36
What is the largest decimal value that can be represented by a single hexadecimal digit?
Відповідь
(C)
15
37
What is the two's complement representation for -4 using a 4-bit system?
Відповідь
(A)
1100
38
If an audio file has a bit depth of 8, what does this mean?
Відповідь
(B)
Each audio sample is represented using 8 bits.
39
Which type of compression guarantees that the original data can be fully reconstructed?
Відповідь
(C)
Lossless
40
Consider this scenario: A software developer is using a microphone to record surface sounds for their new game. Identify the essential aspects for recording the sound?
Відповідь
A
C
41
What is the primary trade-off when using lossy compression?
Відповідь
(C)
Smaller file size versus potential data loss.
42
What are characteristics of lossy compression techniques?
Відповідь
(D)
All of the above.
43
In sound representation, the process of converting analog sound waves into digital data is known as:
Відповідь
(B)
Sampling
44
Which type of compression would generally yield the smallest file size?
Відповідь
(C)
Lossy
45
What is the result of the hexadecimal calculation 10 - 5?
Відповідь
(A)
5
46
In computer science, what's the function of a computer's "switch" in relation to binary?
Відповідь
(B)
To represent a bit value of either 0 or 1.
47
What process is used to convert from hexadecimal to decimal?
Відповідь
(C)
Multiplying each hex digit by the base of 16 to its corresponding power and summing them.
48
What is the main advantage of using lossless compression?
Відповідь
(B)
Guaranteed data integrity.
49
What is the range of decimal numbers that can be represented using a single byte (8 bits)?
Відповідь
(B)
0-255
50
If you right-shift the binary number 1100, what is the result (assuming a logical shift)?
