Quick Biochemistry - Nucleic Acids (Section 10)
1
What is the approximate maximum size of DNA sequences that can be amplified using a yeast artificial chromosome?
2
The basis of DNA fingerprinting relies on the presence of which of the following in DNA?
Svar(B)
Variable number of tandem repeats
3
Which statement about restriction fragment length polymorphism is NOT accurate?
Svar(D)
It can be used to diagnose any genetic disease
4
Inborn errors of the urea cycle can lead to all of the following EXCEPT:
5
Hyperammonemia type I is caused by a congenital deficiency of which enzyme?
Svar(B)
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
6
What condition is caused by a congenital deficiency of ornithine transcarbamoylase?
7
Which of the following amino acids is considered ketogenic?
8
The carbon skeleton of which amino acid(s) can be used for gluconeogenesis?
9
N-Formiminoglutamate is a metabolite of which amino acid?
10
Methylmalonyl CoA is a metabolite of which amino acid?
11
What molecule is a precursor to homogentisic acid?
12
What metabolic disorder is associated with a lack or significant deficiency of a specific enzyme?
13
What serves as a targeting signal in lysosomal enzymes?
14
A genetic disorder affects which structural protein, causing Marfan's syndrome?
15
Which of the following is NOT accurate regarding fibronectin?
16
Fibronectin interacts with all the following EXCEPT:
17
Which cellular processes involve fibronectin?
18
How are glycoproteins targeted for degradation?
19
Glycophorin is found in the cell membranes of which type of cells?
20
What type of molecules do selectins specifically recognize?
21
What is the primary cause of Hunter's syndrome?
Svar(B)
Iduronate sulphatase deficiency
22
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a cancerous cell?
Svar(D)
Uncontrolled cell division
23
If the genetic material of a cancerous cell is introduced into a normal cell, what is the likely outcome for the recipient cell?
24
A normal cell can transform into a cancerous cell through which of the following methods?
Svar(C)
Exposure to oncogenic bacteria
25
Where are proto-oncogenes typically found?
26
Which statement about proto-oncogenes is incorrect?
Svar(D)
They are only expressed when a normal cell becomes cancerous
27
Oncogenes might code for all of the following except:
Svar(A)
Non-carcinogenic substances
28
How is the Ras proto-oncogene typically converted into an oncogene?
29
What does the Ras proto-oncogene produce?
Svar(C)
Signal transducer for EGF
30
What is the function of the P 53 gene?
Svar(C)
It is a tumor suppressor gene
31
A genetic change causing retinoblastoma occurs in which gene?
32
Which statement about retinoblastoma is incorrect?
Svar(D)
The RB 1 gene contributes to retinoblastoma development
33
The Ames assay is used to quickly identify
Svar(C)
Chemical substances causing cancer
34
When a cancer cell increases the number of copies of the dihydrofolate reductase gene, the cell becomes
Svar(C)
Unaffected by amethopterin treatment
35
What process often transforms a substance that can cause cancer into an active carcinogen?
Svar(B)
A specific chemical reaction
36
Which of the following is an accurate description of oncoviruses?
Svar(D)
Oncoviruses can be either DNA or RNA viruses
37
The RB 1 gene functions as
Svar(A)
A gene that prevents tumors
38
What mechanism could allow cancer cells to avoid the effects of amethopterin?
Svar(B)
Increasing the number of copies of the dihydrofolate reductase gene
39
The primary source of ammonia produced by the kidney is
40
Which of these compounds is not a quarternary ammonium compound involved in donating methyl groups?
41
What enzyme catalyzes the oxidative deamination of L-glutamic acid?
Svar(B)
L-glutamate dehydrogenase
42
A prokaryotic ribosome is composed of which subunits?
43
What subunits make up a eukaryotic ribosome?
44
In which of the following processes is GTP NOT essential?
Svar(D)
Formation of the tRNA amino acid complex
45
Which antibiotic specifically interferes with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity?
46
Which antibiotic is known to cause DNA cleavage?
47
Which antibiotic's structure resembles the aminoacyl end of tRNA-tyrosine?
48
In which process is ATP a required component?
Svar(D)
Formation of the tRNA amino acid complex
49
Where within a cell does protein synthesis primarily occur?
50
When would an animal be considered to be in a state of negative nitrogen balance?
