Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 5)
1
Which bus is bidirectional in the Von Neumann architecture?
2
What is the maximum cable length generally supported by USB?
3
Which type of touchscreen technology is commonly used in smartphones due to its multi-touch capabilities?
4
What are the advantages of a solid-state drive (SSD) over a hard disk drive (HDD)?
5
What is the role of a firewall?
Отвечать(B)
To protect the network from unauthorized access.
6
In a street lighting system, the microprocessor uses information from what component to control the lights?
7
What are the key advantages of using flash memory in an SSD?
8
In laser printing, what process occurs *after* the toner is applied to the paper in the 'transfer' stage?
9
Which of the following statements best describes the role of the data bus?
Отвечать(C)
It carries data between the CPU, memory, and I/O devices.
10
Where is the key field stored?
11
What is the purpose of the 'fetch-decode-execute' cycle?
Отвечать(C)
To retrieve, interpret, and carry out instructions.
12
What is the role of the 'control gate' in a flash memory cell?
Отвечать(C)
To apply voltage to the floating gate.
13
What are the main advantages of DLP projectors compared to LCD projectors?
14
What is the purpose of a DNS server?
Отвечать(B)
To translate domain names into IP addresses.
15
What are the rotating disks inside the hard disk drive called?
16
Which device can convert sound into a digital format?
17
Which of the following is a potential use of 3D printing?
18
What is meant by the term "machine cycle" in computer architecture?
Отвечать(B)
The time it takes to fetch, decode, and execute a single instruction.
19
What is the function of the Address Bus?
Отвечать(B)
To carry the addresses of memory locations.
20
Which type of sensor measures environmental conditions like the amount of moisture in the air?
21
Which of the following is an advantage of SSDs compared to HDDs?
22
In a central heating system, which action will the microprocessor take if the temperature is below the pre-set point?
Отвечать(C)
It will open the gas valve.
23
What is a key difference between a static and dynamic IP address?
Отвечать(D)
Static IP addresses remain constant, while dynamic IP addresses can change.
24
What type of signal does a DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) output?
25
Which type of memory is typically used as the primary storage in a computer?
Отвечать(C)
RAM (Random Access Memory)
26
What does 'latency' refer to in the context of a hard disk drive (HDD)?
27
What are some disadvantages of using Infrared Touchscreens?
Отвечать(A)
Can be affected by ambient light.
28
In a flash memory cell, what is the role of the dielectric layer?
Отвечать(B)
To insulate the floating gate.
29
What is the function of a system bus?
Отвечать(C)
To enable communication between different components inside a computer.
30
What is the primary function of RAM in a computer system?
Отвечать(B)
Storing instructions the computer is currently using.
31
What is the main function of the system clock in a computer?
Отвечать(B)
To regulate the speed of the CPU's operations.
32
What is the primary advantage of QR codes compared to traditional barcodes, as mentioned in the text?
Отвечать(B)
They can hold much more information.
33
What is the main advantage of a solid-state drive (SSD) over a traditional hard disk drive (HDD)?
Отвечать(C)
SSDs have no moving parts and are generally faster.
34
Which printer technologies typically produce images with better color saturation?
35
What is typically stored in ROM?
36
What are the main functions of a router?
37
What are the elements that form an ergonomic keyboard? (Select all that apply)
38
What is a key benefit of having a dual-layer DVD?
Отвечать(B)
Increased storage capacity.
39
In a microphone, what converts vibrations into electrical signals?
40
What is the function of cache memory?
Отвечать(A)
To store frequently used instructions and data for faster access.
41
In the context of a computer system, what does the term 'word' typically refer to?
Отвечать(B)
A group of bits that a CPU processes as a unit.
42
What is the primary function of a lens in an LCD projector?
Отвечать(C)
To focus the image on the screen.
43
What is the role of the control unit in a CPU?
Отвечать(C)
To control the sequence of operations.
44
Where is the operating system's initial start-up instructions stored?
45
What are the primary purposes of Input/Output devices in a computer system?
46
What is the purpose of the Memory Data Register (MDR)?
Отвечать(C)
To hold the data being transferred between the CPU and memory.
47
What is 'disk thrashing' in the context of virtual memory?
Отвечать(B)
Excessive hard drive activity from swapping data between RAM and the hard drive.
48
What type of memory is typically used for main storage (RAM) in a computer?
49
What is the general function of a read/write head in a hard disk drive (HDD)?
Отвечать(C)
To read data from and write data to the platters.
50
In flash memory, what happens during the 'write' operation?
Отвечать(C)
Electrons are trapped in the floating gate.
