Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Hardware (Section 29)
1
What process occurs immediately *after* the toner is applied to the drum in a laser printer?
Отвечать(D)
The toner is transferred to the paper.
2
What is the primary purpose of face recognition technology?
Отвечать(B)
To identify or verify a person's identity.
3
What is a key difference between monitoring and control applications using sensors?
Отвечать(B)
Monitoring systems provide information, while control systems take action based on the information.
4
What is the main role of the control gate in flash memory?
Отвечать(B)
To control the flow of electrons to or from the floating gate.
5
What is the function of the CMOS chip in an optical mouse?
Отвечать(B)
To analyze changing image patterns.
6
Which of the following is a common characteristic of RAM chips?
Отвечать(C)
They are volatile and lose their data when power is off.
7
What is the primary goal of implementing network redundancy?
Отвечать(C)
To ensure data availability and fault tolerance.
8
In the context of the street lighting control, what is the function of the microprocessor?
Отвечать(C)
To control the lights based on the sensor input.
9
What does the term 'bootstrapping' refer to?
Отвечать(B)
The process of starting up the computer.
10
What is the primary function of a hard drive's platters?
Отвечать(B)
To store data magnetically.
11
In the context of the CPU, what does 'fetch' represent in the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle?
Отвечать(B)
Retrieving the instruction from memory.
12
Which of the following is a risk associated with using cloud storage?
Отвечать(B)
Potential for data breaches.
13
Which of the following is a consequence of 'thrashing' in a virtual memory system?
Отвечать(B)
Decreased system performance.
14
What are the characteristics of a wired network?
15
What is the main purpose of the system clock in a computer?
Отвечать(B)
To synchronize all operations within the computer.
16
Which of the following storage devices offers the fastest access times?
17
What is the role of a Memory Management Unit (MMU) in modern computer systems?
Отвечать(B)
To translate logical addresses to physical addresses.
18
Which of the following are advantages of using fiber optic cables compared to copper cables?
19
In digital photography, how does the camera measure color to create a final image?
Отвечать(A)
By measuring each color individually.
20
In a traffic light control system, the microprocessor's primary function is to:
Отвечать(C)
Control the timing and sequence of the lights.
21
What are the main functions controlled by the embedded system in digital cameras?
22
Which device is used to connect multiple devices on a local network?
23
In the context of flash memory, what is the role of the electron trap?
Отвечать(B)
To store the charge representing the bit value.
24
In the context of a greenhouse environment control system, the primary function of the computer is to:
Отвечать(C)
Adjust the temperature based on sensor readings.
25
In an optical mouse, what does the CMOS sensor do?
Отвечать(B)
Detects the reflected light.
26
What is the core functionality of an amplifier in a sound system?
Отвечать(B)
To increase the power of the electric current
27
In a 3D scanner, what do the coordinates from the object's points form?
28
What is a key advantage of using OLEDs over LCDs regarding their ability to display blacks?
Отвечать(B)
OLEDs can turn individual pixels completely off.
29
Which type of network cable is least susceptible to electromagnetic interference?
30
Which are examples of applications using sensors for control purposes?
31
What is the purpose of an instruction's 'operand'?
Отвечать(C)
To provide the data or the memory location to be used by the operation.
32
What process occurs during thermal bubble ink ejection?
Отвечать(B)
Ink is heated to form a bubble which then ejects ink.
33
What is the advantage of a QR code over a standard barcode in terms of the amount of data it can store?
Отвечать(B)
QR codes store more data.
34
What is the function of the ink cartridge or cartridges in an inkjet printer?
Отвечать(C)
To spray droplets of ink onto the paper.
35
What component in an HDD is responsible for moving the read/write heads?
36
What are the examples given as types of ergonomic keyboards?
37
What process does the ADC perform?
Отвечать(B)
It converts the electrical charges from each pixel into a digital format.
38
What is the function of the amplifier in an audio system?
Отвечать(B)
To increase the strength of the audio signal.
39
In a greenhouse environment control, which component is responsible for making decisions based on sensor inputs?
40
What process is required before a 3D model can be printed?
Отвечать(B)
Slicing the model into layers.
41
Which of the following is a potential application of 3D printing for producing custom medical devices?
42
In a computer system, what does 'bus' refer to?
Отвечать(B)
A pathway for electrical signals.
43
What is the primary purpose of a controller in an SSD?
Отвечать(B)
To manage the flash memory and its operations.
44
Which of the following factors contribute to the performance of a computer system?
45
In the street lighting system, what does the light sensor primarily provide data about?
46
What does a DHCP server automatically assign to devices?
47
What is the purpose of the microprocessor in the central heating system control?
Отвечать(B)
To control the pump and the gas valve.
48
How does virtual memory expand the available memory for a computer?
Отвечать(B)
By using the hard drive or SSD as an extension of RAM.
49
What do DVDs and Blu-ray discs use for their read and write mechanisms?
50
What happens during the 'decode' stage of the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle?
Отвечать(C)
The instruction is translated into control signals.
