Computer Science for IGCSE & O level - Data Representation (Section 5)
1
What is a fundamental difference between logical and arithmetic bit shifts?
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(B)
Arithmetic shifts preserve the sign of the number.
2
What are the properties of high-frequency waves?
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B
C
3
Which type of compression is generally preferred for archive files where data integrity is critical?
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(D)
Lossless
4
How many bits are in a byte?
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(C)
8
5
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 110101?
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(A)
53
6
What does a sample rate of 44.1 kHz mean in audio recording?
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(B)
44,100 samples are taken per second.
7
What is the result of shifting the binary number 1011 one position to the left?
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(B)
10110
8
What is the range of values that can be represented by a single hexadecimal digit?
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(C)
0-15
9
What is the hexadecimal representation of the decimal number 255?
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(A)
FF
10
What does a logical right shift do to a binary number?
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A
B
D
11
Which system uses letters A through F along with numbers 0-9?
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(C)
Hexadecimal
12
What is the two's complement representation of -1 in an 8-bit system?
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(B)
11111111
13
If an 8-bit register holds the value 00001010, and you perform a logical left shift, what is the resulting value?
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(A)
00010100
14
What is the decimal equivalent of the two's complement binary number 11111110 (assuming an 8-bit representation)?
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(A)
-2
15
What is the result of converting the hexadecimal number "2B" to decimal?
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(C)
42
16
What is a characteristic of a lossy compression algorithm?
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(C)
It reduces file size by discarding data.
17
In HTML color codes, the value 00 in the #RRGGBB format indicates:
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(B)
No intensity of that color component.
18
Which bit in two's complement representation indicates the sign of the number?
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(B)
The most significant bit (MSB)
19
What does a 'flag' do in RLE?
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(A)
It marks the beginning of a compressed sequence.
20
Which of the following is a common hexadecimal color code format?
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(A)
#RRGGBB
21
What is the relationship between the number of bits used to represent a sound sample (bit depth) and the quality of the sound?
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(C)
A higher bit depth results in a more accurate representation of the sound.
22
What characterizes lossless compression algorithms?
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(C)
They provide a perfect reconstruction of the original data.
23
What is the primary purpose of using error codes in a software system?
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(B)
To identify and categorize errors.
24
Which of the following is an example of a lossless compression technique?
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(C)
RLE
25
In an 8-bit system, what operation is needed to convert the two's complement representation of a negative number to its positive value?
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(B)
Invert the bits and add 1.
26
What is the main advantage of using Unicode over ASCII?
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(B)
Unicode can represent characters from all known writing systems.
27
What is the base of the hexadecimal number system?
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(D)
16
28
What are the two key concepts the JPEG reduction process is based on?
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(A)
Human eyes don't detect differences in colour shades quite as well, and they have differentness in image brightness.
29
What does the binary number 11111111 represent in an 8-bit system?
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(D)
All of the above, depending on context.
30
What is the main objective of data compression techniques?
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(B)
To reduce file size.
31
What is the relationship between file size and color depth?
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(B)
As color depth increases, file size increases.
32
If an image has a resolution of 1000x500 pixels and a color depth of 8 bits per pixel, what is the total number of bytes required to store the uncompressed image data?
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(A)
500000 bytes
33
Which of the following is an example of lossy compression?
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(C)
MP3
34
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 10111?
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(B)
22
35
Which number system is used to represent the on/off states of electronic components?
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(B)
Binary
36
What is the largest decimal value that can be represented by a single hexadecimal digit?
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(C)
15
37
What is the two's complement representation for -4 using a 4-bit system?
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(A)
1100
38
If an audio file has a bit depth of 8, what does this mean?
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(B)
Each audio sample is represented using 8 bits.
39
Which type of compression guarantees that the original data can be fully reconstructed?
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(C)
Lossless
40
Consider this scenario: A software developer is using a microphone to record surface sounds for their new game. Identify the essential aspects for recording the sound?
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A
C
41
What is the primary trade-off when using lossy compression?
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(C)
Smaller file size versus potential data loss.
42
What are characteristics of lossy compression techniques?
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(D)
All of the above.
43
In sound representation, the process of converting analog sound waves into digital data is known as:
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(B)
Sampling
44
Which type of compression would generally yield the smallest file size?
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(C)
Lossy
45
What is the result of the hexadecimal calculation 10 - 5?
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(A)
5
46
In computer science, what's the function of a computer's "switch" in relation to binary?
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(B)
To represent a bit value of either 0 or 1.
47
What process is used to convert from hexadecimal to decimal?
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(C)
Multiplying each hex digit by the base of 16 to its corresponding power and summing them.
48
What is the main advantage of using lossless compression?
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(B)
Guaranteed data integrity.
49
What is the range of decimal numbers that can be represented using a single byte (8 bits)?
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(B)
0-255
50
If you right-shift the binary number 1100, what is the result (assuming a logical shift)?
