Quick Biochemistry - Hormone Metabolism (Section 7)
1
Which substance inhibits the thyroid gland's absorption of iodide?
2
Upon binding, growth hormone's receptor causes the phosphorylation of which of the following?
3
When growth hormone binds to its receptor, what is the resulting impact on gene transcription?
4
Which of the following triggers the activation of IRS-1, PI-3 kinase, and GRB2?
5
What enzyme phosphorylates the protein IRS-1?
6
What is the function of the GRB-2 protein after being activated by phosphorylated IRS-1?
Răspuns(B)
Growth factor receptor binding protein-2
7
STAT proteins are best described as which of the following?
Răspuns(D)
Signal transduction and activators of transcription
8
Which molecule does activated phospholipase C act upon?
Răspuns(A)
Phosphatidyl inositol-4, 5-biphosphate
9
What is the activator of phospholipase C?
10
What compounds, in addition to proteins, form proteoglycans?
11
Elevated sweat chlorides are a characteristic finding in
12
Identify the incorrect statement regarding cystic fibrosis:
Răspuns(C)
It causes increased sweating
13
The typical percentage of a radioactive iodine test dose absorbed by the thyroid gland after 24 hours is
14
Which condition is associated with an elevated radioactive iodine uptake by the thyroid gland?
15
What is the typical reference range for total thyroxine in serum?
16
The normal range for total tri-iodothyronine in serum is
17
Administration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) would lead to an increase in serum T3 and T4 levels in cases of
Răspuns(C)
Hypothyroidism of pituitary origin
18
Which scenario is indicated by high levels of T3 and T4 along with low TSH in the serum?
Răspuns(C)
Hyperthyroidism of thyroid origin
19
An increased Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is observed in
20
Which statement accurately characterizes eukaryotic DNA?
Răspuns(C)
It contains no repetitive DNA
21
Which type of mutation results in a shift of the reading frame?
22
What molecule frequently acts as a secondary messenger for hormones?
23
What hormone is primarily responsible for promoting sodium reabsorption in the body?
24
Aspirin's mechanism of action involves inhibiting the production of which substances?
25
The body's retention of sodium typically leads to the retention of which other substance?
26
The abbreviation cAMP is derived from its structural characteristic related to
Răspuns(D)
Its cyclic molecular configuration
27
Protein bound iodine, in this context, is mostly bound to which molecules?
28
In animals without a pituitary gland, what effect does fasting primarily have on blood sugar levels?
29
Which hormone acts as an opposing force to calcitonin?
30
Which condition is characterized by excessive urination (polyuria) without the presence of sugar in the urine (glycosuria)?
31
What is a common characteristic of hyperparathyroidism?
32
Which condition is often associated with insulin resistance?
33
Where is the highest concentration of prostaglandins typically found in a human male?
34
Which of these is NOT a common type of second messenger used by hormones?
35
Which pancreatic hormone is responsible for raising blood sugar levels?
36
Which statement accurately describes the nature of hormones?
Răspuns(D)
Hormones are produced in small amounts within the body to regulate metabolic processes
37
What does 'T' typically represent in the context of thyroid hormones?
38
Which hormone is composed of fewer than ten amino acids, making it a small peptide?
39
What substance interacts with tyrosine within thyroglobulin to produce mono- and diiodotyrosines?
Răspuns(D)
Higher valency state of iodine
40
Which hormone listed does NOT trigger the activation of adenylate cyclase?
41
A tumor of which gland is a Pheochromacytoma?
42
Which of the following statements is false?
Răspuns(D)
Insulin facilitates gluconeogenesis
43
Which of the following compounds contains an aromatic ring?
44
Which of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the gastrointestinal tract?
45
Which of the following hormones are initially synthesized as larger precursor molecules?
Răspuns(C)
Insulin and parathyroid hormone
46
Which of the following hormones contains a disulfide bond?
47
The increase in blood sugar levels caused by a hormone from the adrenal cortex is primarily due to
48
Why can hyperinsulinism lead to a coma?
Răspuns(A)
Glucose is the primary energy source for the brain
49
In clinical settings, which property of prostaglandins is often used?
Răspuns(C)
Stimulating smooth muscle contraction
50
What is a key structural difference between estrogens and androgens?
Răspuns(D)
Estrogens possess an aromatic ring
