Quick Biochemistry - Vitamins (Section 5)
1
What is needed for the process that transforms a specific substance into 25-hydroxycholecalciferol?
Answer(C)
25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into calcitriol
2
What process does calcitriol slow down?
Answer(D)
25-Hydroxycholecalciferol into 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
3
Which condition can lead to bowed legs and inward-turning knees?
4
In which scenario might soft tissues become calcified?
5
Which scenario is linked to elevated levels of serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus?
6
What nutritional element's intake increase necessitates a greater need for vitamin E?
7
What condition does vitamin E help prevent in humans?
8
Which of the following does vitamin E safeguard?
9
What form of vitamin K can intestinal bacteria produce?
10
Which form of vitamin K is water-soluble?
11
Which condition is associated with an extended prothrombin time?
12
What is the name of a manufactured version of vitamin K?
13
What substance is needed, along with retinene reductase, to convert retinal to retinol?
14
Where are retinal esters typically found?
15
How is retinol carried in the bloodstream?
16
How are carotenes typically transported?
17
Which medications can interact with pyridoxal?
18
How are vitamin esters transported in the blood?
19
What proportion of Vitamin A in the liver is stored as esters?
20
Which foods are sources of preformed Vitamin A?
21
What is the non-protein component of the visual pigment rhodopsin?
22
At what temperature is lumirhodopsin only stable?
23
What is the typical range of vitamin A concentration in blood, measured in I.V/dl?
24
What are the effects of prolonged high intake of vitamin A, particularly in young individuals?
25
What other name is sometimes used for vitamin D?
26
Which of the following is NOT a good source of vitamin D?
27
What process causes the breakdown of tocopherols' activity?
28
What is the structural classification of some tocopherols?
29
How many methyl groups are found in the aromatic ring of a tocopherol molecule?
30
Where is vitamin E stored within the body?
31
In biological processes, what is Vitamin E's role regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxygen?
32
Which vitamin's oxidation is inhibited by tocopherols?
33
In what type of tissues/organs does Vitamin E help protect enzymes from damage?
34
What is the impact of Vitamin K on blood clotting factors?
35
Which substance is ascorbic acid capable of reducing?
Answer(B)
2, 6-Dichlorophenol Indophenol
36
Which vitamin is most significantly reduced in sterilized milk?
37
What are the common symptoms of scurvy?
38
What is the primary dietary cause of Kwashiorkor?
Answer(D)
Protein and caloric deficiency in diet
39
Which fatty acid below is crucial for human health and cannot be produced by the body?
40
How many amino acids are indispensable in the human diet?
41
In what food item is avidin commonly found?
42
The nutritional disorder known as marasmus is primarily caused by a deficiency of which substances?
Answer(B)
Both proteins and caloric intake
43
What is the approximate amount of energy, measured in kilocalories, released from one gram of fat when metabolized in the human body?
44
Which of these amino acids is considered necessary for human health, as the body cannot produce it?
45
In what type of surrounding environment does the basal metabolic rate typically increase?
46
What substance serves as the primary energy reserve within the human body?
47
Which protein is a significant component found in milk?
48
A lack of which vitamin in the diet often results in impaired vision in low-light conditions?
49
What is true about non-essential amino acids in relation to the human body?
Answer(B)
They are not needed in the diet
50
A lack of vitamin B₁₂ can cause which of the following health problems?
