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Quick Biochemistry - Proteins And Protein Metabolism (Section 8)

1
What is the composition of insulin?
Answer
(C)
A-chain with 21 and B-chain with 30 amino acids
2
How many amino acid residues are in preproinsulin?
Answer
(C)
109
3
What is the length of the signal sequence in pre-proinsulin?
Answer
(B)
19 amino acids
4
How many intra-chain disulphide bonds are in pro-insulin?
Answer
(C)
Three
5
What type of compound is Pentagastrin?
Answer
(D)
A synthesized form of gastrin
6
Which of the following stimulates gastrin release?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
7
What effects does gastrin have?
Answer
(C)
Both of the above
8
How many amino acids make up secretin?
Answer
(B)
27
9
Which of the following is NOT a result of secretin's action?
Answer
(D)
Stimulation of intestinal movement
10
Which statement about cholecystokinin pancreozymin is false?
Answer
(D)
It slows down gastric motility
11
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pancreatic somatostatin?
Answer
(B)
It stimulates the secretion of gastrin
12
What process converts Histidine into histamine?
Answer
(B)
Decarboxylation
13
Where is histamine synthesized?
Answer
(D)
All of these
14
Which of the following effects is NOT caused by histamine?
Answer
(B)
Vasoconstriction
15
Which substance blocks H₂-receptors?
Answer
(D)
Cimetidine
16
From which amino acid is serotonin synthesized?
Answer
(D)
Tryptophan
17
Which statement about serotonin is incorrect?
Answer
(A)
It causes vasolidatation
18
Which statement regarding angiotensin is NOT accurate?
Answer
(C)
It is a vasodilator
19
How does methyl dopa lower blood pressure?
Answer
(A)
Inhibiting the synthesis of catecholamines
20
When gamma-aminobutyric acid binds to its receptors in the brain, what ion's permeability increases in the cell membrane?
Answer
(A)
Cl-
21
What is the effect of acetylcholine binding on cell membrane permeability?
Answer
(D)
Sodium and potassium ions
22
Which of the following is NOT classified as a glycoprotein?
Answer
(B)
Albumin
23
Where are sialic acids typically found?
Answer
(B)
Glycoproteins
24
What substance does hyaluronidase break down?
Answer
(D)
Hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate
25
Which protein is the most prevalent in bone tissue?
Answer
(A)
Collagen type I
26
Which type of collagen is most abundant in cartilage?
Answer
(B)
Type II
27
What do collagen and elastin have in common?
Answer
(A)
Both are triple helices
28
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with a defect in collagen structure?
Answer
(B)
Osteogenesis imperfecta
29
What specific molecule is missing from lysosomal enzymes in I-cell disease?
Answer
(D)
A serine residue
30
In I-cell disease, what is the consequence for lysosomal enzymes?
Answer
(B)
They are inactive
31
What is the cause of renal glycosuria?
Answer
(D)
Increased glycogen conversion to glucose in tubular cells
32
Which condition can result in blood in the urine?
Answer
(D)
Urinary tract stone
33
Which of these conditions typically does NOT cause blood in the urine?
Answer
(D)
Mismatched blood transfusion
34
What substance is added to urine to detect chyluria?
Answer
(D)
Chloroform
35
What is the typical range for serum urea levels?
Answer
(C)
20-45 mg/dl
36
What is the typical range for serum creatinine levels?
Answer
(A)
0.6-1.5 mg/dl
37
What is the standard rate for urea clearance?
Answer
(A)
54 ml/min
38
What is the highest possible rate for urea clearance?
Answer
(B)
75 ml/min
39
Approximately what is the creatinine clearance rate in an adult male?
Answer
(C)
110 ml/min
40
Approximately what is the inulin clearance rate in an average adult man?
Answer
(D)
130 ml/min
41
Which method is utilized to analyze tubular function from the choices below?
Answer
(D)
PSP excretion test
42
What is a basic approach to evaluate tubular function that involves fasting for 12 hours, followed by measurement of?
Answer
(D)
Specific gravity of urine
43
What is the most effective measure for identifying glomerular function from the following?
Answer
(D)
Creatinine clearance
44
Which statement about inulin is NOT true?
Answer
(D)
It is secreted by tubular cells
45
Which of the following does NOT belong to the category of non-protein nitrogenous substances in blood?
Answer
(C)
Creatinine
46
In what condition are non-protein nitrogenous substances in blood typically elevated?
Answer
(B)
Liver damage
47
Under which of the following circumstances is creatinine clearance diminished?
Answer
(D)
Myopathies
48
In which of the following conditions would serum amylase levels be elevated?
Answer
(B)
Acute pancreatitis
49
In which condition is the peak increase of serum amylase typically observed?
Answer
(B)
Acute pancreatitis
50
In which of the following conditions would serum lipase levels be increased?
Answer
(A)
Acute parotitis