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Quick Biochemistry - Proteins And Protein Metabolism (Section 5)

1
Which statement about aspartate is NOT correct?
Answer
(C)
It can be synthesized from pyruvate and glutamate
2
From which precursor can glycine be produced?
Answer
(D)
All of these
3
Which of the following is NOT needed for the creation of glutamine?
Answer
(C)
Pyridoxal phosphate
4
What coenzyme is essential for the creation of glycine from serine?
Answer
(C)
Tetrahydrofolate
5
Which of the following statements about proline is NOT accurate?
Answer
(D)
Free proline can be hydroxylated to hydroxyproline
6
Which protein is especially abundant in hydroxyproline?
Answer
(C)
Collagen
7
Which of the following statements about hydroxyproline is NOT true?
Answer
(D)
Hydroxylation of proline residues is catalysed by a dioxygenase
8
Which of the following is NOT necessary for the hydroxylation of proline residues?
Answer
(B)
Glutamate
9
Cysteine can be created from methionine and which other molecule?
Answer
(A)
Serine
10
In the human body, how is methionine synthesized?
Answer
(D)
None of these
11
Which of the following is NOT required for the addition of a hydroxyl group to phenylalanine?
Answer
(C)
NADH
12
Which of the following substances are considered non-protein amino acids?
Answer
(A)
Ornithine
13
Which amino acid is broken down through oxidative deamination at a notable speed?
Answer
(C)
Glutamate
14
Which of the following molecules acts as an allosteric inhibitor of glutamate dehydrogenase?
Answer
(A)
ATP
15
Which of the following molecules activates glutamate dehydrogenase by allosteric means?
Answer
(C)
ADP and GDP
16
In which of the following processes is free ammonia produced?
Answer
(D)
All of these
17
Which organ is most susceptible to the harmful effects of ammonia?
Answer
(B)
Brain
18
How is ammonia primarily transported from muscles to the liver?
Answer
(D)
Alanine
19
Where does the majority of urea synthesis occur?
Answer
(B)
Kidneys
20
Where is carbamoyl phosphate, which is needed for urea synthesis, created?
Answer
(B)
Mitochondria
21
What is a shared characteristic between cytosolic and mitochondrial carbamoyl phosphate synthetases?
Answer
(C)
Both need N-acetylglutamate to be activated.
22
Which enzyme from the urea cycle is found in the cell's cytoplasm?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
23
In which of the following urea cycle reactions is ATP needed?
Answer
(C)
Creating argininosuccinate and arginine
24
Approximately how much nitrogen does an adult male eliminate each day?
Answer
(C)
5-10 gm
25
Maple syrup urine disease is a metabolic disorder affecting the breakdown of which type of amino acid?
Answer
(C)
Branched-chain amino acids
26
Cystinuria is caused by a problem with the body's ability to do what?
Answer
(D)
Reabsorb cystine in the kidney tubules
27
The enzyme that is deficient in histidinemia is
Answer
(C)
Histidase
28
Which of the following statements about phenylketonuria is NOT true?
Answer
(D)
It results in a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones, catecholamines, and melanin.
29
Which of the following is NOT true about albinism?
Answer
(C)
It causes intellectual disability.
30
Glycine is not involved in making
Answer
(A)
Taurocholic acid
31
Which process transforms histidine into histamine?
Answer
(C)
Removal of a carboxyl group
32
Which substance does DOPA play a role in creating?
Answer
(D)
Both catecholamines and melanin
33
Which of the following is NOT accurate regarding pepsin?
Answer
(D)
It breaks down peptide bonds at the C-terminal and N-terminal ends of proteins
34
Which of the following is NOT a precursor found in pancreatic juice?
Answer
(D)
Aminopeptidase
35
Which statement is the most accurate regarding chymotrypsin?
Answer
(C)
It has an optimal pH near 7
36
What is the name for the specific part of an antigen that an antibody recognizes?
Answer
(B)
Epitope
37
Which of the following statements about haptens is FALSE?
Answer
(A)
They typically have high molecular weights
38
What is a common characteristic shared by antigens and haptens?
Answer
(D)
Antibodies can recognize both free antigens and free haptens once an immune response is established
39
What is the smallest number of polypeptide chains that make up an immunoglobulin?
Answer
(B)
Four
40
What are the different types of light chains found in immunoglobulins?
Answer
(D)
Kappa and lambda
41
What criteria are used to categorize immunoglobulins?
Answer
(B)
Based on the type of heavy chains
42
What is the approximate molecular weight range for light chains?
Answer
(B)
20,000-25,000
43
What is the approximate molecular weight range for heavy chains?
Answer
(C)
50,000-70,000
44
Which immunoglobulin contains a secretory component?
Answer
(A)
IgA
45
In the context of light chains, where is the variable region located?
Answer
(B)
N-terminal half
46
Regarding light chains, which part constitutes the variable region?
Answer
(A)
N-terminal quarter
47
How many hypervariable regions exist in the variable region of light chains?
Answer
(C)
Three
48
How many hypervariable regions are present in the variable region of heavy chains?
Answer
(D)
Four
49
Which immunoglobulin is found in the highest concentration in plasma?
Answer
(B)
IgG
50
Which immunoglobulin has the largest size?
Answer
(C)
IgM