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Quick Biochemistry - Nucleic Acids (Section 11)

1
When ammonia (NH₃) interacts with a dog's liver, what substance is produced, and what is produced in a bird's liver?
Answer
(A)
Urea, Uric acid
2
Which pair of substances is utilized by Aspartate amino transferase for transamination?
Answer
(B)
Glutamic acid and oxaloacetic acid
3
Which substance from the list below is not classified as a protein?
Answer
(B)
Hheparin
4
In which organ is the majority of urea synthesized?
Answer
(D)
Liver
5
A structure known as a polyribosome typically contains approximately how many individual ribosomes?
Answer
(C)
5
6
What compound is produced through the gradual transmethylation of ethanolamine?
Answer
(C)
Methionine
7
Where does the initial genetic information originate?
Answer
(A)
Cistron of DNA
8
Through which mechanism does the genetic code function?
Answer
(C)
Nucleotide sequence of m RNA
9
Who is credited with first successfully synthesizing DNA in a laboratory setting?
Answer
(C)
A.Kornberg
10
Among the various types of RNA, which one typically exhibits the largest molecular weight?
Answer
(B)
rRNA
11
The genetic message is converted from DNA into which of these compounds?
Answer
(B)
mRNA
12
Which molecule has a characteristic double helix shape?
Answer
(A)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
13
The stability of a DNA double helix is primarily due to
Answer
(D)
Hydrogen bonding between purine and pyrimidine bases
14
Which statement about nucleic acids is most accurate?
Answer
(B)
Both pentose nucleic acid and deoxypentose nucleic acid and deoxypentose nucleic acid Contain the same purines
15
Acid hydrolysis of a specific type of nucleic acid would produce these primary components:
Answer
(D)
d-ribose, uracil, adenine, guanine, cytosine
16
Which of these is not found in a particular type of nucleic acid?
Answer
(B)
OH methyl cytosine
17
Which of the following statements is accurate?
Answer
(D)
Nucleoproteins usually occur in the nucleus and cytoplasm
18
Which compound is present in a specific type of nucleic acid but not in another?
Answer
(C)
Uracil
19
Nucleic acids are identified using their absorption peak near 260 nm. What causes this absorption?
Answer
(B)
Purines and pyrimidines
20
Which of the following includes a deoxy sugar?
Answer
(B)
DNA
21
What best describes DNA?
Answer
(B)
A long polymer with diester bonds connecting nucleotides between C-3' and C-5'
22
What structure is referred to by the name Nucleosome?
Answer
(C)
Centrosome
23
What process results in the creation of mRNA?
Answer
(C)
pre mRNA from DNA
24
What process creates a protein?
Answer
(B)
mRNA from DNA
25
For which biological process are Sigma and Rho factors essential?
Answer
(C)
Translation
26
What type of DNA does the ox174 bacteriophage have?
Answer
(C)
Single stranded DNA
27
What are Okazaki fragments composed of?
Answer
(C)
DNA with RNA heads
28
Where else is DNA located, besides the nucleus?
Answer
(A)
Mitochondrian
29
Describe the structure of mitochondrial DNA.
Answer
(C)
Double stranded, circular
30
If a synthetic RNA sequence of UUUUUU (Poly U) is used, which amino acid will be in the resulting protein?
Answer
(B)
Phenyl alanine
31
In the E. coli lac operon, what genetic elements contribute to its continuous function?
Answer
(D)
Regulator, operator, and structural genes
32
In eukaryotic cells, a single messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule typically directs the production of
Answer
(A)
A single protein molecule
33
In prokaryotic cells, a single messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule can often code for
Answer
(A)
Multiple protein molecules
34
The enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA using a DNA template is known as
Answer
(B)
Transcriptase
35
The enzyme responsible for synthesizing DNA using an RNA template is called
Answer
(C)
Reversetranscriptase
36
The process of RNA synthesis requires a
Answer
(C)
DNA template
37
In a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule prepared for protein synthesis, what modified nucleotide is typically found at the 5' end (the cap)?
Answer
(C)
GTP
38
In a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule prepared for protein synthesis, what nucleotide base typically forms the poly(A) tail?
Answer
(B)
A
39
Which of the following is the specific codon that codes for the amino acid phenyl alanine?
Answer
(D)
UUU
40
The primary location of genetic information that acts as a blueprint is
Answer
(D)
DNA
41
What are genes primarily composed of?
Answer
(B)
DNA
42
Where are codons located?
Answer
(B)
mRNA
43
How does the genetic code function?
Answer
(C)
The nucleotide order in mRNA
44
Which of the following urine components, found in plants, includes methyl groups?
Answer
(D)
All of these
45
Where is the hereditary information of humans primarily located?
Answer
(A)
DNA
46
Which of these molecules is NOT a naturally occurring nucleotide?
Answer
(C)
DNA
47
What type of amino acid has its amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon atom?
Answer
(A)
Alpha
48
What is the most likely identity of a nucleic acid containing over 8000 nucleotides?
Answer
(B)
DNA
49
Where is the genetic information of humans chiefly contained?
Answer
(B)
DNA
50
What is absent from RNA, besides ribose and phosphate?
Answer
(C)
Thymine