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Quick Biochemistry - Fats And Fatty Acid Metabolism (Section 4)

1
In the creation of N-linked glycoproteins, what amino acid residue serves as the attachment point for the oligosaccharide to the protein?
Answer
(A)
Asparagine residue
2
Where does the de novo synthesis of fatty acids primarily take place within a cell?
Answer
(A)
Cytosol
3
Which vitamin is a component of Acyl Carrier Protein?
Answer
(C)
Pantothenic acid
4
What molecule is essential as a reducing agent during the process of fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(B)
NADPH
5
Which hormone encourages hepatic lipogenesis?
Answer
(D)
Insulin
6
Which of the following is NOT needed for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids?
Answer
(D)
ATP
7
By what regulatory methods does Acetyl CoA carboxylase control fatty acid synthesis?
Answer
(D)
All of these
8
What coenzyme is NOT needed for the process of β-Oxidation of fatty acids?
Answer
(D)
NADP
9
Which of the following types of fatty acids are capable of being broken down via the β-oxidation pathway?
Answer
(D)
All of these
10
What kind of fatty acid oxidation results in the creation of Propionyl CoA?
Answer
(C)
Fatty acids with odd number of carbon atoms
11
What enzyme plays a role in both ketone body and cholesterol synthesis?
Answer
(B)
HMG CoA synthetase
12
In which organ are ketone bodies primarily produced?
Answer
(B)
Liver
13
Which statement about ketone bodies is incorrect?
Answer
(D)
They can be broken down in the liver
14
Which of the following statements about carnitine is false?
Answer
(C)
It is involved in the transport of short-chain fatty acids into mitochondria
15
Which of these fatty acids can be produced within the body, assuming the necessary starting materials are present?
Answer
(D)
All of these
16
Which of the following cannot be broken down through beta-oxidation?
Answer
(B)
Phytanic acid
17
Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids reduce the formation of which of the following?
Answer
(D)
All of these
18
Diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids relative to saturated fatty acids are linked to which outcome?
Answer
(B)
Decrease in serum cholesterol
19
What is the effect of thromboxanes?
Answer
(C)
Platelet aggregation
20
In which tissue or organ do prostaglandins decrease cAMP levels?
Answer
(A)
Adipose tissue
21
What substance is associated with slow-reacting responses in allergic reactions, and is a composite of multiple compounds?
Answer
(D)
Leukotrienes
22
What is the primary function of dipalmitoyl lecithin?
Answer
(C)
Lung surfactant
23
Which reagent is used in determining the Reichert-Meissl number?
Answer
(A)
0.1 N KOH
24
In glycerophospholipids, which carbon atom of glycerol commonly binds to a polyunsaturated fatty acid?
Answer
(B)
Carbon 2
25
Lysolecithin is created when what component is removed from lecithin?
Answer
(B)
Fatty acid from position 2
26
From which compounds is sphingosine synthesized?
Answer
(C)
Palmitoyl CoA and serine
27
Which coenzyme is NOT required for the synthesis of sphingosine?
Answer
(D)
NAD
28
What is typically NOT a component of cerebrosides?
Answer
(B)
Sulphate
29
A deficiency in what enzyme causes Niemann-Pick disease?
Answer
(B)
Sphingomyelinase
30
Where are chylomicron remnants primarily broken down?
Answer
(C)
Liver
31
What is a possible product of VLDL remnant transformation?
Answer
(C)
HDL
32
What apolipoprotein do receptors that bind chylomicron remnants specifically recognize?
Answer
(D)
Apo E
33
Which apolipoproteins does the LDL receptor specifically bind?
Answer
(C)
Apo B-100 and Apo D
34
What apolipoproteins are absent in nascent HDL originating from the intestines?
Answer
(D)
Apo C and Apo E
35
Which tissues produce HDL?
Answer
(D)
Liver and intestine
36
From what source does nascent HDL originating from the intestines acquire Apo C and Apo E?
Answer
(D)
HDL of the hepatic origin
37
What is the primary action of heparin-releasable hepatic lipase?
Answer
(C)
HDL₂ into HDL3
38
What is the role of activated lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in lipoprotein metabolism?
Answer
(B)
Nascent HDL into HDL
39
Which of the following is a potential cause of fatty liver?
Answer
(D)
All of these
40
What is the product of ethanol's conversion by alcohol dehydrogenase?
Answer
(B)
Acetaldehyde
41
The primary form in which the body stores lipids is
Answer
(C)
Triglycerides
42
The primary location for lipid storage in the body is
Answer
(D)
Adipose tissue
43
Which enzyme facilitates the conversion of glycerol into glycerol-3-phosphate?
Answer
(C)
Glycerol kinase
44
In fat storage, the glycerol-3-phosphate needed for making triglycerides predominantly originates from
Answer
(C)
A product of glucose breakdown
45
Glycerol released from fat tissue when triglycerides are broken down is primarily
Answer
(A)
Absorbed by the liver
46
Which of the following tissues is unable to utilize free glycerol to create triglycerides?
Answer
(D)
Adipose tissue
47
What enzyme is NOT present in adipose tissue?
Answer
(B)
Glycerol kinase
48
Which digestive fluid lacks any enzymes that aid in digestion?
Answer
(D)
Bile
49
Saliva contains a type of enzyme that breaks down fats, specifically those containing
Answer
(A)
Short chain fatty acids
50
The enzyme found in saliva breaks down triglycerides by targeting which position on the molecule?
Answer
(C)
Position 3 of triglycerides