Quick Biochemistry - Carbohydrates And Carbohydrate Metabolism (Section 5)
1
Which statement accurately describes a specific aspect of cellular processes?
Answer
(C)
Insulin transforms glycogen synthase b into 'a'.
2
What is the common name for amylo 1, 6 glucosidase?
Answer
(B)
Debranching enzyme
3
How do cells typically take up glucose?
Answer
(D)
Both insulin-dependent and insulin-independent methods.
4
What product is primarily formed when active phosphorylase acts on glycogen?
Answer
(C)
Glucose-6-phosphate and glycogen with one less glucose unit
5
Under conditions of insufficient oxygen, pyruvate is transformed into what substance?
Answer
(C)
Lactate
6
Which of the following typically promotes the reactivation of inactive liver phosphorylase?
Answer
(D)
Glucagon
7
Prior to entering the TCA cycle, pyruvic acid must be converted to which of the following?
Answer
(A)
Acetyl CoA
8
Which tissues exclusively contain the specific phosphatase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of Glucose-6-phosphate?
Answer
(A)
Liver, intestines, and kidneys
9
What type of reaction is the formation of citrate from oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA?
Answer
(C)
Condensation
10
Which of the following enzymes plays a key regulatory role in the process of gluconeogenesis?
Answer
(C)
Pyruvate carboxylase
11
How many ATP molecules are produced during the succinate dehydrogenase step?
Answer
(B)
2
12
Which combination of reactants is used to produce lactose?
Answer
(A)
UDP galactose and glucose
13
What is UDP Glucuronic acid essential for in terms of biosynthesis?
Answer
(A)
Chondroitin sulphates
14
Which organism among the following can synthesize vitamin C from glucose?
Answer
(A)
Albino rats
15
Which organism listed below is unable to synthesize Vitamin C from glucose?
Answer
(C)
Monkeys
16
What coenzyme does transketolase utilize?
Answer
(C)
TPP
17
Which two scenarios are associated with an increase in gluconeogenesis?
Answer
(C)
Diabetes mellitus and Starvation
18
Acetyl CoA is not utilized in the formation of which of the following?
Answer
(C)
Pyruvic acid
19
Approximately how many grams of glycogen are stored in the human body?
Answer
(C)
300
20
What is the approximate total glucose content in the human body, in grams?
Answer
(B)
20-30
21
What ions are essential for optimal pyruvate kinase activity?
Answer
(B)
Potassium ions
22
In the Rapoport-Lueberring cycle within red blood cells, ATP use is considered wasteful because it would otherwise inhibit which enzyme?
Answer
(C)
Phosphofructokinase
23
Which co-enzyme is required for the oxidative breakdown of ketoacids?
Answer
(B)
Thiamine pyrophosphate
24
What is the term for the process of creating glucose from amino acids?
Answer
(B)
Gluconeogenesis
25
Which of the following is NOT considered an example of an important heteropolysaccharide?
Answer
(A)
Amylopectin
26
Which characteristics are typically shared by monosaccharides?
Answer
(C)
They tend to form ring structures when dissolved
27
What is true regarding polysaccharides?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
28
Where does the absorption of glucose mainly happen in the digestive system?
Answer
(A)
In the small intestine
29
How is UDP-Glucose transformed into UDPGlucuronic acid?
Answer
(B)
By using GTP
30
Which enzymes play a role in attaching a phosphate group to glucose, creating glucose 6-phosphate?
Answer
(D)
Both Hexokinase and Glucokinase
31
During the process of converting Lactic acid into Glucose, certain steps from the Glycolytic pathway are bypassed. Which of the following enzymes is NOT involved in this process?
Answer
(C)
Pyruvate kinase
32
In a typical resting human, where is the majority of the glucose used as energy consumed?
Answer
(B)
Brain
33
Which of the following substances regulates the enzyme Glycogen synthase?
Answer
(C)
Pyruvate
34
Which of the following substances acts as a positive allosteric modifier for the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase?
Answer
(A)
Biotin
35
What substance specifically inhibits the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase?
Answer
(B)
Melouate
36
Metabolic pathways generally fall into anabolic or catabolic categories. Which of the following pathways demonstrates an "amphibolic" nature?
Answer
(D)
TCA cycle
37
Deficiency in which of the following vitamins affects transketolase activity?
Answer
(B)
Pyridoxine deficiency
38
Which of the following metabolic changes is NOT observed in Diabetes mellitus?
Answer
(B)
Increased pyruvate carboxylase activate
39
Which of the following is NOT an intermediate in the process of forming D-glucuronic acid from glucose?
Answer
(B)
6-Phosphogluconate
40
In which of the following tissues is the phosphatase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of Glucose-6-P NOT found?
Answer
(C)
Muscle
41
What is required to change Glucose into Glycogen in the Liver?
Answer
(D)
UTP
42
Which substance is used by aldolase in the Glycolytic pathway?
Answer
(D)
Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate
43
What is the approximate ratio of ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule oxidized with oxygen compared to without oxygen?
Answer
(B)
10:2
44
A decrease in which enzyme's activity in red blood cells is linked to Primaquin-sensitive hemolytic anemia?
Answer
(C)
Glucose-6-p dehydrogenase deficiency
45
Which hormone does NOT participate in carbohydrate metabolism?
Answer
(D)
Vasopressin
46
Which coenzyme is specific to the dehydrogenases involved in the HMP shunt?
Answer
(A)
NADP+
47
Which enzyme in the Glycolytic pathway is stopped by fluoride?
Answer
(D)
Enolase
48
In the TCA cycle, how many ATP molecules can be formed by substrate-level phosphorylation from the 24 total ATPs?
Answer
(D)
Succinylcat→ Succinic acid
49
Which statement about the TCA cycle is accurate?
Answer
(D)
It is amphibolic in nature
50
Which enzyme acts as an allosteric regulator of the TCA cycle's speed?
