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Physics for IGCSE & O level - Waves And Sounds (Section 1)

1
In the context of sound waves, what is the 'quality' or 'timbre' of a sound related to?
Answer
(C)
The presence of overtones
2
Which of the following are examples of wave motion?
Answer
A
B
C
D
3
What is the term for the change in direction of a wave as it passes from one medium to another?
Answer
(B)
Refraction
4
What is 'echo-location' in terms of bats?
Answer
(B)
The bat's use of ultrasound to locate objects.
5
Which of the following is a correct representation of the wave equation?
Answer
(A)
speed = frequency x wavelength
6
What happens to the pitch of sound if its frequency increases?
Answer
(B)
The pitch increases.
7
What happens to the pitch of a sound if the frequency increases?
Answer
(A)
The pitch increases.
8
Which of the following is related to 'Wave effects'?
Answer
(A)
Reflection
9
What is the typical range of human hearing frequencies?
Answer
(A)
20 Hz - 20,000 Hz
10
What is the process called when a wave bends around an obstacle?
Answer
(C)
Diffraction
11
In a transverse wave, what is the relationship between the direction of the wave's oscillation and the direction of its travel?
Answer
(B)
Perpendicular
12
Which of the following scenarios demonstrates refraction?
Answer
B
D
13
What does the wavelength of a wave represent?
Answer
(B)
The distance between successive crests.
14
Which wave characteristic is directly related to the energy carried by a sound wave?
Answer
(C)
Amplitude
15
Which property determines the quality or timbre of a musical note?
Answer
(C)
The presence of overtones
16
What is the unit of measurement for frequency?
Answer
(B)
Hertz (Hz)
17
If you clap your hands and hear an echo 1 second later, how far away is the reflecting surface (assuming the speed of sound is 340 m/s)?
Answer
(A)
170 meters
18
What is the function of an echo-sounder?
Answer
(A)
To measure the depth of water
19
In the context of medical ultrasound, what does the use of an echo-sounder rely upon?
Answer
(A)
Reflection of the ultrasound waves
20
What type of energy do waves generally transport?
Answer
(D)
All of the above
21
In a wave, what is the distance between two consecutive crests called?
Answer
(C)
Wavelength
22
What does the frequency of a sound wave determine?
Answer
(C)
Pitch
23
What is the relationship between the period (T) and the frequency (f) of a wave?
Answer
(B)
T = 1/f
24
What determines the pitch of a sound?
Answer
(B)
Frequency
25
What is the relationship between speed, frequency, and wavelength?
Answer
(C)
Speed = Frequency * Wavelength
26
Which wave type is associated with the vibration of particles perpendicular to the direction of wave travel?
Answer
(B)
Transverse waves
27
If the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to its wavelength (assuming the speed remains constant)?
Answer
(B)
The wavelength decreases.
28
What does the 'range of human hearing' describe?
Answer
(B)
The range of frequencies humans can perceive.
29
What are some of the wave effects shown or described in the content?
Answer
A
B
C
30
What determines the loudness of a sound?
Answer
(C)
Amplitude
31
What is the frequency of ultrasound?
Answer
(C)
Greater than 20 kHz
32
If sound A has a frequency of 220 Hz, what is its wavelength (speed of sound = 330 m/s)?
Answer
(B)
1.5 m
33
Which equipment can be used to observe wave patterns?
Answer
A
B
C
34
Which of the following is an example of refraction?
Answer
(B)
Seeing a rainbow.
35
Which wave type is described as having compressions and rarefactions?
Answer
(B)
Longitudinal waves
36
Which of the following is a characteristic of a mechanical wave?
Answer
(B)
It transports energy through a medium.
37
The speed of sound in water is approximately:
Answer
(B)
1400 m/s
38
If a wave has a high frequency, it also has a _______ wavelength.
Answer
(B)
Short
39
If a sound wave has a frequency of 500 Hz and a wavelength of 0.66 m, what is its speed?
Answer
(A)
330 m/s
40
If the frequency of a wave increases, what happens to its period?
Answer
(B)
It decreases.
41
Which of the following can be described as the frequency of a sound wave?
Answer
(B)
The number of cycles completed per unit of time
42
What happens when sound waves pass through a small gap?
Answer
(C)
They diffract.
43
Which is a practical use of echo-sounding?
Answer
(B)
Testing the depth of the ocean floor.
44
Which of the following is related to the 'quality' or timbre of a sound?
Answer
(C)
The presence of overtones
45
Which phenomenon allows us to hear sound around corners?
Answer
(C)
Diffraction
46
What is the relationship between speed, frequency, and wavelength?
Answer
(B)
Speed = Frequency x Wavelength
47
What characteristic of a sound wave is changed by the use of a microphone?
Answer
(C)
The amplitude
48
Which of the following is a unit for measuring sound intensity (loudness)?
Answer
(C)
Decibel (dB)
49
In echo-sounding, what property of the reflected sound wave is measured?
Answer
(C)
Time
50
What is the relationship between frequency and period?
Answer
(B)
They are inversely proportional.