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Physics for IGCSE & O level - Thermal Effects (Section 5)

1
What does a bimetallic strip do when heated?
Answer
(A)
It bends.
2
On Earth, what type of radiation do we receive from the sun?
Answer
(A)
Infrared waves
3
If you add heat to a substance, what happens to its temperature during a change of state?
Answer
(C)
It remains constant.
4
What happens when heat is added to a substance?
Answer
(C)
The particles move faster.
5
What is the role of an insulator?
Answer
(B)
To block the heat.
6
In a freezer, what process is used to remove heat from the food?
Answer
(D)
Evaporation
7
Which type of thermometer measures temperature using changes in electrical resistance?
Answer
(B)
Thermistor thermometer
8
Which of the following is a good example of convection?
Answer
(B)
Warm air rising above a radiator.
9
Which of the following are examples of latent heat?
Answer
A
B
C
D
10
What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change (e.g., melting or boiling)?
Answer
(C)
Temperature remains constant
11
Which of the following requires energy input?
Answer
A
C
12
In a well-insulated house, what materials are commonly used?
Answer
A
B
C
13
Which of the following are forms of thermal energy?
Answer
A
B
D
14
Which type of surface is the most effective at emitting thermal radiation?
Answer
(C)
Black and dull
15
What happens during the phase change from a liquid to a solid?
Answer
(C)
The temperature remains constant.
16
What happens to the molecules in a liquid as it evaporates?
Answer
(B)
They gain energy and escape the surface.
17
What is the main cause of sea breezes?
Answer
(B)
Differences in temperature between land and sea.
18
In a refrigeration system, what process helps to remove heat from the inside of the fridge?
Answer
(A)
Evaporation
19
When 1kg of ice melts at 0°C, does the temperature change?
Answer
(C)
No, it remains at 0°C.
20
What is a benefit of using insulating materials in a building?
Answer
(C)
Reduced heat loss
21
What is the purpose of a convection current?
Answer
(B)
To transfer heat by movement of fluids.
22
What is the main difference between a conductor and an insulator?
Answer
(A)
Conductors allow heat to flow easily, while insulators do not.
23
Why does air become cooler when it rises?
Answer
(B)
The air molecules spread out, losing energy.
24
The experiment in the experiment shows how the pressure of air is affected when...
Answer
(A)
The temperature increases
25
What is the primary process by which heat is transferred through a solid object?
Answer
(C)
Conduction
26
What does specific heat capacity represent?
Answer
(C)
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.
27
If you touch a hot object, what type of heat transfer are you experiencing?
Answer
(A)
Conduction
28
What is the primary method of heat transfer in a vacuum?
Answer
(C)
Radiation
29
What is the energy required to change the state of a substance, from solid to liquid, called?
Answer
(B)
Latent heat of fusion
30
Which best describes the transfer of heat by conduction?
Answer
(B)
Through direct contact between objects.
31
What kind of energy transfer is used in a microwave oven?
Answer
(C)
Radiation
32
What is the standard boiling point in C?
Answer
(A)
100
33
How does the thermal expansion of a solid impact its length?
Answer
(B)
The length increases.
34
What is the process of a gas turning into a liquid called?
Answer
(C)
Condensation
35
What is the term for the transfer of heat by direct contact?
Answer
(B)
Conduction
36
What is the process called when a liquid turns into a gas?
Answer
(B)
Boiling
37
What happens to the motion of molecules as a substance cools down?
Answer
(B)
They slow down.
38
Which is NOT a factor that affects the rate of thermal conduction?
Answer
(D)
The shape of the material.
39
What is the general relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas when pressure is constant?
Answer
(A)
Directly proportional.
40
Which process is responsible for transferring heat from the sun to the Earth?
Answer
(C)
Radiation
41
Which of the following is considered a poor conductor of heat?
Answer
(B)
Glass
42
When water freezes, what is its density compared to liquid water?
Answer
(B)
Lower
43
What is a main characteristic of a gas?
Answer
(C)
Easily compressed
44
Which of the following is an example of evaporation?
Answer
(B)
Water boiling.
45
What does 'thermal' in 'thermal effects' refer to?
Answer
(C)
Heat
46
What does the Kinetic Theory help us understand about matter?
Answer
(B)
The behavior of particles.
47
Which of these is a phase change that requires the input of energy (heating)?
Answer
A
B
48
Why does the cooling effect happen when you dry your hands after swimming?
Answer
(B)
The water absorbs heat from your hands as it evaporates
49
What happens to water molecules during evaporation?
Answer
(B)
They gain energy and escape the liquid's surface.
50
Which is a key difference between the Celsius and Kelvin scales?
Answer
(B)
Kelvin has a lower zero point