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Physics for IGCSE & O level - Thermal Effects (Section 4)

1
What is thermal conduction?
Answer
(B)
The transfer of heat by direct contact.
2
What happens to the speed of molecules when a substance is heated?
Answer
(C)
They speed up.
3
What is the name of the energy involved in the change of state from liquid to solid?
Answer
(B)
Latent heat of fusion
4
What is the effect of evaporation on a person's skin?
Answer
(B)
It makes the skin feel colder.
5
Which of the following materials would be the best insulator?
Answer
(D)
Air
6
Which is the unit for measuring energy?
Answer
(C)
J
7
Which of the following statements best describes the kinetic theory of matter?
Answer
(A)
Matter is composed of particles that are always in constant motion.
8
In a bimetallic strip, how is a change in temperature indicated?
Answer
(C)
By the strip bending
9
What happens to water molecules during evaporation?
Answer
(B)
They gain energy and overcome the attraction of other molecules
10
What would you expect to happen if you put a black and a white surface in the sun?
Answer
(C)
The black surface will warm up faster.
11
Which is NOT a good thermal conductor?
Answer
(B)
Wood
12
What is the heat energy needed to change the state of 1 kg of a substance from a solid to a liquid?
Answer
(B)
Latent heat of fusion
13
What is the primary function of a thermometer?
Answer
(B)
To measure the temperature of a substance
14
What happens during the process of boiling?
Answer
A
B
C
15
What is the relationship between the surface color of an object and its ability to absorb radiation?
Answer
(B)
Darker colors absorb better.
16
What does 'latent heat' refer to?
Answer
(C)
Heat absorbed or released during a phase change.
17
What phase change releases energy from a substance?
Answer
(C)
Condensation
18
What type of surface is a good emitter and absorber of thermal radiation?
Answer
(B)
Black and dull
19
Which of these materials is the best insulator?
Answer
(C)
Air
20
At what temperature, in Celsius, does water freeze?
Answer
(A)
0
21
Which of the following is an example of latent heat of vaporization?
Answer
A
B
22
Which of the following materials would be the least effective at insulating a building?
Answer
(C)
Metal
23
What happens to a solid when heated?
Answer
(B)
It expands
24
When a gas is heated and allowed to expand at constant pressure, what happens to its volume?
Answer
(C)
It increases
25
What causes Brownian motion?
Answer
(A)
The movement of particles.
26
What could cause a liquid to change into a gas?
Answer
A
D
27
In the bimetallic strip, which material expands more when heated?
Answer
(A)
The metal with a higher coefficient of expansion.
28
What will happen if you increase the temperature of a substance?
Answer
A
B
29
What is the process by which the sun's energy reaches the Earth?
Answer
(C)
Radiation
30
Which statement best describes the kinetic theory?
Answer
(B)
It describes the motion of particles in matter
31
Which of the following scenarios describes the process of latent heat of vaporization?
Answer
(A)
Water turning into steam.
32
Which of the following is NOT a form of heat transfer?
Answer
(D)
Sublimation
33
What is an example of a good conductor of heat?
Answer
(C)
Copper
34
Which of the following describes how to calculate energy transferred during a phase change?
Answer
(C)
mass * specific latent heat
35
What happens to air when it is heated?
Answer
(B)
It becomes less dense and rises.
36
What are the primary factors that affect the rate of evaporation?
Answer
A
B
D
37
Which of the following describes how energy is transferred from the Sun to the Earth?
Answer
(C)
Radiation
38
How does insulation work to reduce heat transfer?
Answer
(B)
By slowing down the movement of particles and reducing convection.
39
Which type of thermometer relies on the differing expansion of two metals?
Answer
(B)
Bimetallic strip thermometer
40
If you put a bottle of cold water outside on a sunny day, what will likely happen to the outside of the bottle?
Answer
(C)
Water vapor will condense on the outside.
41
What determines how quickly a substance heats up?
Answer
A
B
C
42
Which of these is an example of thermal radiation?
Answer
(A)
Heat from a fire warming you
43
What happens to the temperature of a substance during melting?
Answer
(C)
Remains constant
44
When a substance absorbs heat, what happens to the internal energy?
Answer
(C)
The internal energy increases.
45
What is the approximate value of the specific heat capacity of water?
Answer
(B)
4200 J/kg°C
46
In the context of solids, liquids, and gases, which of the following statements is correct about the particles?
Answer
(C)
Particles in a liquid can slide past each other.
47
What kind of energy transfer happens when sunlight warms the Earth?
Answer
(C)
Radiation
48
How does convection work in a hot water heating system?
Answer
(B)
Hot water rises, and cold water sinks.
49
What does the kinetic theory describe?
Answer
(C)
The movement of particles in matter.
50
What is the process called when a liquid changes into a gas below its boiling point?
Answer
(B)
Evaporation