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Physics for IGCSE & O level - Thermal Effects (Section 2)

1
What is the name of the motion of particles in solids, liquids and gases, as described in this context?
Answer
(B)
Kinetic motion
2
Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the expansion of a solid?
Answer
(D)
The shape of the object
3
How is thermal radiation transferred?
Answer
(C)
By electromagnetic waves
4
What happens to the water molecules during condensation?
Answer
(B)
They lose energy and come closer together.
5
If 1 kg of water at 100°C turns to steam at 100°C. What energy is used to do so (Latent Heat of Vaporisation of Water is 2,260,000 J/kg)?
Answer
(A)
2,260,000 J
6
What will happen to the volume of a gas when the pressure increases while keeping temperature constant?
Answer
(B)
The volume decreases
7
In the experiment comparing thermal emitters, which surface is most efficient at emitting thermal radiation?
Answer
(C)
Black surface
8
Which color is most efficient at absorbing thermal radiation?
Answer
(B)
Black
9
What are the components of a typical thermometer?
Answer
A
B
C
10
What is the effect on the temperature of a substance during a phase change?
Answer
(C)
The temperature remains constant
11
During convection, where does the warm water go?
Answer
(C)
It rises.
12
What is the name of the energy associated with the internal energy of an object related to movement?
Answer
(C)
Kinetic energy
13
Which surface is best at absorbing thermal radiation?
Answer
(C)
Black
14
What is the relationship between volume, pressure and temperature, at constant volume?
Answer
(C)
When temperature increases, pressure increases.
15
Which is an example of heat transfer by radiation?
Answer
(B)
Feeling heat from a fire.
16
What state change does sublimation refer to?
Answer
(C)
Solid to gas
17
What is the effect of using insulating materials in a building?
Answer
(B)
To reduce heat loss
18
What is the main characteristic of a good thermal insulator?
Answer
(B)
Resists the flow of heat
19
What is the relationship between latent heat and temperature?
Answer
(C)
Temperature remains constant during latent heat transfer
20
Which of the following is an example of thermal conduction?
Answer
(C)
Heat transfer through a metal spoon in hot soup.
21
What is the main mechanism of heat transfer in a metal rod that is being heated?
Answer
(C)
Conduction
22
In a thermometer, what property of the liquid is used to measure temperature?
Answer
(C)
Its expansion and contraction with temperature
23
Which of the following is a good thermal conductor?
Answer
(C)
Copper
24
In the context of changes of state, what does latent heat provide?
Answer
(C)
A change of state
25
What is the process by which warmer, less dense air rises and cooler, denser air sinks called?
Answer
(B)
Convection
26
What happens to the particles of a substance when they evaporate?
Answer
(A)
They move faster and spread apart.
27
Which phenomenon contributes to sea breezes?
Answer
(B)
Convection
28
When heating a gas, what happens to the speed of gas molecules?
Answer
(B)
Speed increases
29
What is the term given to the heat energy used when melting?
Answer
(C)
Latent heat of fusion
30
The specific heat capacity of a material is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of:
Answer
(A)
1 kg of the substance by 1 degree Celsius
31
Which type of thermometer measures temperature using a change in electrical resistance?
Answer
(C)
Thermistor thermometer
32
Which of the following materials is a good conductor of heat?
Answer
(C)
Copper
33
How is heat transferred in the process of conduction?
Answer
(A)
Through the movement of particles of matter.
34
Which statement describes a key aspect of convection?
Answer
(B)
It involves movement of fluids.
35
What can be said of the rate of evaporation in the presence of wind?
Answer
(B)
The rate of evaporation is increased.
36
What is the term for the energy required to change a substance from a solid to a liquid at its melting point?
Answer
(B)
Latent heat of fusion
37
What causes the gas in a balloon to expand?
Answer
(C)
Increase in temperature
38
What happens to the water when it boils?
Answer
(B)
It evaporates rapidly.
39
What is the Kelvin scale based on?
Answer
(C)
Absolute zero
40
How does increasing the surface area of a liquid affect the rate of evaporation?
Answer
(B)
It increases evaporation.
41
What is the effect of a high specific heat capacity on the energy needed to heat an object?
Answer
(B)
The amount of energy needed to heat the object increases
42
In the hot water system, which pipe carries the hot water?
Answer
(A)
The pipe with the label 'hot water'
43
What is the formula for energy transfer related to latent heat?
Answer
(C)
Energy Transferred = mass x specific latent heat
44
Which of the following is used in a bimetallic strip?
Answer
(B)
Two different metals
45
Which of the following materials expands the most when heated?
Answer
(D)
Aluminum
46
Which of the following is an example of thermal radiation?
Answer
(B)
Feeling the warmth from a fire
47
What is convection in air responsible for?
Answer
A
B
48
How does convection work in a room with a radiator?
Answer
(A)
Warm air rises, and cool air sinks.
49
What is the name of the process where a liquid changes to a gas below its boiling point?
Answer
(B)
Evaporation
50
Why do we use insulation in houses?
Answer
(B)
To reduce heat transfer.