JEE Advance - Physics (2010 - Paper 2 Offline - No. 14)

At time t = 0, a battery of 10 V is connected across points A and B in the given circuit. If the capacitors have no charge initially, at what time (in seconds) does the voltage across them becomes 4 V? (Take ln5 = 1.6, ln3 = 1.1)

IIT-JEE 2010 Paper 2 Offline Physics - Capacitor Question 5 English

Answer
2

Explanation

The equivalent resistance of the two parallel resistors is

$$R = {{(2\,M\Omega )(2\,M\Omega )} \over {(2\,M\Omega ) + (2\,M\Omega )}} = 1M\Omega $$

The equivalent capacitance of the two parallel capacitors is

$$C = 2\mu F + 2\mu F = 4\mu F$$

This corresponding equivalent diagram is as shown in the figure.

IIT-JEE 2010 Paper 2 Offline Physics - Capacitor Question 5 English Explanation

The voltage across the equivalent capacitor is same as the voltage across the individual capacitors (parallel combination). Thus, we need to find time t at which the voltage across C become 4 V in the equivalent circuit (charging of a capacitor). The voltage across C at time t is

$$V = {V_0}\left[ {1 - {e^{ - t/(RC)}}} \right]$$,

which simplifies to

$$t = RC\ln \left( {{{{V_0}} \over {{V_0} - V}}} \right)$$.

Substitute $${V_0} = 10$$ V, $$V = 4$$ V, $$R = 1 \times {10^6}\Omega $$ and $$C = 4 \times {10^{ - 6}}F$$ to get

$$t = 4\ln (5/3) = 4(\ln 5 - \ln 3) = 2\,s$$.

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