JEE Advance - Physics (2010 - Paper 1 Offline - No. 14)
A thin flexible wire of length L is connected to two adjacent fixed points and carries a current I in the clockwise direction, as shown in the figure. When the system is put in a uniform magnetic field of strength B going into the plane of the paper, the wire takes the shape of a circle. The tension in the wire is
Explanation
Consider an small element AB of length dl of the circle of radius R subtending an angle $$\theta$$ at the centre O.
If T is the tension in the wire, then force towards the centre will be equal to $$2T\sin \left( {{\theta \over 2}} \right)$$ which is balanced by outward magnetic force on the current carrying element $$( = IdlB)$$
$$2T\sin \left( {{\theta \over 2}} \right) = IdlB$$
For small angle $$\theta$$, $$\sin {\theta \over 2} \approx {\theta \over 2}$$
or, $$T = {{IBdl} \over \theta } = IBR$$ ($$\because$$ $$\theta = {{dl} \over R}$$)
$$ = {{IBL} \over {2\pi }}$$ ($$\because$$ $$R = {L \over {2\pi }}$$)
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