JEE Advance - Physics (2008 - Paper 1 Offline - No. 20)

In a mixture of H - He$$^+$$ gas (He$$^+$$ is singly ionized He atom), H atoms and He$$^+$$ ions are excited to their respective first excited states. Subsequently, H atoms transfer their total excitation energy to He$$^+$$ ions (by collisions). Assume that the Bohr model of atom is exactly valid.
In a mixture of H - He$$^+$$ gas (He$$^+$$ is singly ionized He atom), H atoms and He$$^+$$ ions are excited to their respective first excited states. Subsequently, H atoms transfer their total excitation energy to He$$^+$$ ions (by collisions). Assume that the Bohr model of atom is exactly valid.
In a mixture of H - He$$^+$$ gas (He$$^+$$ is singly ionized He atom), H atoms and He$$^+$$ ions are excited to their respective first excited states. Subsequently, H atoms transfer their total excitation energy to He$$^+$$ ions (by collisions). Assume that the Bohr model of atom is exactly valid.
The ratio of the kinetic energy of the $$n=2$$ electron for the H atom to that of He$$^+$$ ion is
$$\frac{1}{4}$$
$$\frac{1}{2}$$
1
2

Explanation

To determine the ratio of the kinetic energy of the $$n=2$$ electron for the H atom to that of the He$$^+$$ ion, we need to consider the Bohr model of the atom. According to the Bohr model, the kinetic energy (KE) of an electron in a hydrogen-like ion in the nth orbit can be given by:

$$ KE_n = \frac{1}{2} m v_n^2 = \frac{Z^2 e^4 m}{8 \epsilon_0^2 h^2 n^2} $$

where:

  • $ m $ is the mass of the electron
  • $ Z $ is the atomic number of the nucleus
  • $ e $ is the charge of the electron
  • $ \epsilon_0 $ is the permittivity of free space
  • $ h $ is Planck's constant
  • $ n $ is the principle quantum number, which is 2 in this case

For a hydrogen atom (H) ($ Z = 1 $) in the $ n = 2 $ state:

$$ KE_{H (n=2)} = \frac{1^2 \cdot e^4 m}{8 \epsilon_0^2 h^2 \cdot 2^2} = \frac{e^4 m}{32 \epsilon_0^2 h^2} $$

For a singly ionized helium ion (He$$^+$$) ($ Z = 2 $) in the $ n = 2 $ state:

$$ KE_{He^+ (n=2)} = \frac{2^2 \cdot e^4 m}{8 \epsilon_0^2 h^2 \cdot 2^2} = \frac{4 e^4 m}{32 \epsilon_0^2 h^2} = \frac{e^4 m}{8 \epsilon_0^2 h^2} $$

To find the ratio of the kinetic energy of the $ n=2 $ electron for the H atom to that of the He$$^+$$ ion, we divide the kinetic energies:

$$ \text{Ratio} = \frac{KE_{H (n=2)}}{KE_{He^+ (n=2)}} = \frac{\frac{e^4 m}{32 \epsilon_0^2 h^2}}{\frac{e^4 m}{8 \epsilon_0^2 h^2}} = \frac{1}{4} $$

Therefore, the ratio of the kinetic energy of the $ n=2 $ electron for the H atom to that of the He$$^+$$ ion is:

Option A: $$\frac{1}{4}$$

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