JEE Advance - Mathematics (2001 - No. 2)
Let $$\overrightarrow A \left( t \right) = {f_1}\left( t \right)\widehat i + {f_2}\left( t \right)\widehat j$$ and
$$$\overrightarrow B \left( t \right) = {g_1}\left( t \right)\overrightarrow i + {g_2}\left( t \right)\widehat j,t \in \left[ {0,1} \right],$$$
where $${f_1},{f_2},{g_1},{g_2}$$ are continuous functions. If $$\overrightarrow A \left( t \right)$$ and $$\overrightarrow B \left( t \right)$$ are nonzero vectors for all $$t$$ and $$\overrightarrow A \left( 0 \right) = 2\widehat i + 3\widehat j,$$ $$\,\overrightarrow A \left( 1 \right) = 6\widehat i + 2\widehat j,$$ $$\,\overrightarrow B \left( 0 \right) = 3\widehat i + 2\widehat j$$ and $$\,\overrightarrow B \left( 1 \right) = 2\widehat i + 6\widehat j.$$ Then show that $$\,\overrightarrow A \left( t \right)$$ and $$\,\overrightarrow B \left( t \right)$$ are parallel for some $$t.$$
where $${f_1},{f_2},{g_1},{g_2}$$ are continuous functions. If $$\overrightarrow A \left( t \right)$$ and $$\overrightarrow B \left( t \right)$$ are nonzero vectors for all $$t$$ and $$\overrightarrow A \left( 0 \right) = 2\widehat i + 3\widehat j,$$ $$\,\overrightarrow A \left( 1 \right) = 6\widehat i + 2\widehat j,$$ $$\,\overrightarrow B \left( 0 \right) = 3\widehat i + 2\widehat j$$ and $$\,\overrightarrow B \left( 1 \right) = 2\widehat i + 6\widehat j.$$ Then show that $$\,\overrightarrow A \left( t \right)$$ and $$\,\overrightarrow B \left( t \right)$$ are parallel for some $$t.$$
The angle between the vectors changes continuously and must be 0 at some point.
Since the components of the vectors are continuous functions, the angle between them must change continuously. At t=0, the dot product of the vectors is positive and at t=1 it is negative. So by Intermediate Value Theorem, the angle must be π/2 at some time.
The angle between the vectors changes continuously. At t=0, the angle is acute, while at t=1 it is obtuse. By the Intermediate Value Theorem, there exists a time t when the angle is π/2, meaning the vectors are orthogonal.
Since the components of the vectors are continuous functions, the angle between them must change continuously. At t=0, the angle is acute, while at t=1 it is obtuse. So by Intermediate Value Theorem, the angle must be zero.
The dot product of the vectors is always positive.
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