JEE Advance - Chemistry (2012 - Paper 2 Offline - No. 3)
The solubility product (Ksp; mol3 dm–9) of MX2 at 298 K based on the information available for the given concentration cell is (take 2.303 $$\times$$ R $$\times$$ 298/F = 0.059 V)
Explanation
To find the solubility product (Ksp) for the sparingly soluble salt, MX2, in a concentration cell setup, we first analyze how the emf is related to the concentration differences across the cell. The reaction at each electrode involves the metal ion M2+ and the metal M, whereas the net cell reaction has no change in number of moles on both sides of the equation due to the symmetry of the cell. Thus, the notation for the cell reaction is:
$$ M(s) \longleftrightarrow M^{2+}(aq) + 2e^{-} $$
Given that it's a concentration cell, the emf generated is due to the concentration difference of the M2+ ions at the two electrodes. The emf of the cell can be calculated by the Nernst equation:
$$ E = E^{\circ} - \frac{RT}{nF} \ln\left(\frac{[M^{2+}]_{\text{cathode}}}{[M^{2+}]_{\text{anode}}}\right) $$
Since it's a concentration cell, $ E^\circ = 0 $. At 298 K, substituting from the provided conversion (2.303 $ \times $ R $ \times $ 298/F = 0.059 V) and given n = 2 (because two electrons are transferred per metal ion):
$$ E = - \frac{(0.059)}{2} \log\left(\frac{[M^{2+}]_{saturated}}{[M^{2+}]_{0.001 \text{ M}}}\right) $$
Given $ E = 0.059 $ V, we can solve for the concentration of $ M^{2+} $ in the saturated solution:
$$ 0.059 = -0.0295 \log\left(\frac{[M^{2+}]_{saturated}}{0.001}\right) $$
$$ \log\left(\frac{[M^{2+}]_{saturated}}{0.001}\right) = -2 $$
$$ [M^{2+}]_{saturated} = 0.001 \times 10^{-2} $$
$$ [M^{2+}]_{saturated} = 0.00001 \text{ M} $$
The solubility product, Ksp, of MX2 can now be computed. Let s be the solubility of MX2 in mol/L. The dissolution of MX2 is given by:
$$ MX_2 \rightleftharpoons M^{2+} + 2 X^- $$
$$ \quad s \quad\quad\quad s \quad \quad \, 2s $$
The solubility product expression is:
$$ K_{sp} = [M^{2+}][X^-]^2 = (s)(2s)^2 $$
$$ K_{sp} = 4s^3 $$
Since $ s = [M^{2+}]_{saturated} = 0.00001 $ M,
$$ K_{sp} = 4(0.00001)^3 $$
$$ K_{sp} = 4 \times 10^{-15} $$
Thus, the solubility product of MX2 at 298 K is $ 4 \times 10^{-15} $ mol3 dm-9, which corresponds to Option B.
Comments (0)
