JEE Advance - Chemistry (2000 - No. 3)

Copper sulphate solution (250 mL) was electrolysed using platinum anode and a copper cathode. A constant current of 2mA was passed for 16 minutes. It was found that after electrolysis the absorbance of the solution was reduced to 50% of its original value. Calculate the concentration of copper sulphate in the solution to begin with.
3.98 x 10^-5 mol L^-1
1.99 x 10^-5 mol L^-1
7.96 x 10^-5 mol L^-1
1.592 x 10^-4 mol L^-1
3.184 x 10^-4 mol L^-1

Explanation

Quantity of charge passed = 2 $$\times$$ 10$$-$$3 $$\times$$ 16 $$\times$$ 60 = 1.92 C

1.92 C charge $$ \equiv {1 \over {96500}} \times 1.92 \equiv 1.99 \times {10^{ - 5}}$$ mol of electrons

In the reaction, $$C{u^{2 + }}(aq) + 2e \to Cu(s)$$

2 mol of electrons = 1 mol of Cu2+ ions discharged

$$\therefore$$ 1.99 $$\times$$ 10$$-$$5 mol of electrons = 9.95 $$\times$$ 10$$-$$6 of Cu2+ ions discharged.

Absorbance of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution. 50% decrease of absorbance of the solution means 50% of the concentration of the solution is reduced. Hence, initial number of mol of Cu2+ ions = 2 $$\times$$ 9.95 $$\times$$ 10$$-$$6 = 1.99 $$\times$$ 10$$-$$5 mol.

$$\therefore$$ Initial concentration of Cu2+

i.e., $$CuS{O_4} = {{1.99 \times {{10}^{ - 5}}} \over {250}} \times 1000\,M = 7.96 \times {10^{ - 5}}\,M$$

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