JEE Advance - Chemistry (1987 - No. 5)

The first ionisation potential in electron volts of nitrogen and oxygen atoms are respectively given by
14.6, 13.6
13.6, 14.6
13.6, 13.6
14.6, 14.6

Explanation

The ionization potential or ionization energy of an atom is defined as the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in the gas phase. The first ionization potential is the energy needed to remove the first electron from the atom.

Nitrogen (N) has an electron configuration of $$1s^2 2s^2 2p^3$$, while oxygen (O) has an electron configuration of $$1s^2 2s^2 2p^4$$. Although both elements are in the same period of the periodic table, nitrogen has a half-filled p-orbital, which is a relatively stable configuration compared to the configuration of oxygen. As a result, nitrogen requires more energy to remove one electron compared to oxygen, which would tend to stabilize after losing an electron due to the gain of a half-filled p-orbital configuration.

The first ionization energies for nitrogen and oxygen are indeed different with nitrogen generally having a higher ionization energy. According to experimental data:

  • Ionization energy of nitrogen $$N$$ is approximately 14.6 eV.
  • Ionization energy of oxygen $$O$$ is approximately 13.6 eV.

Given these values, the correct answer is:
Option A: 14.6, 13.6

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