JEE MAIN - Physics (2025 - 7th April Evening Shift - No. 24)

A parallel plate capacitor has charge $5 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{C}$. A dielectric slab is inserted between the plates and almost fills the space between the plates. If the induced charge on one face of the slab is $4 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{C}$ then the dielectric constant of the slab is _______________.
Answer
5

Explanation

To find the dielectric constant $ K $ of the slab, we use the formula for the induced charge $ Q_{\text{in}} $ in a parallel plate capacitor:

$ Q_{\text{in}} = Q \left(1 - \frac{1}{K}\right) $

Given:

Total charge $ Q = 5 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{C} $

Induced charge $ Q_{\text{in}} = 4 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{C} $

We substitute the values into the formula:

$ 4 \times 10^{-6} = 5 \times 10^{-6} \left(1 - \frac{1}{K}\right) $

To solve for the dielectric constant $ K $, simplify the equation:

Divide both sides by $ 5 \times 10^{-6} $:

$ \frac{4}{5} = 1 - \frac{1}{K} $

Rearrange to solve for $ \frac{1}{K} $:

$ 1 - \frac{4}{5} = \frac{1}{K} $

$ \frac{1}{5} = \frac{1}{K} $

Invert both sides to find $ K $:

$ K = 5 $

Therefore, the dielectric constant of the slab is $ K = 5 $.

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