JEE MAIN - Physics (2025 - 24th January Morning Shift - No. 8)
Explanation
$$ P_{\text{bubble}} = P_{\text{atm}} + \rho g h + \frac{2S}{r} $$
Given that the pressure inside the bubble is $$P_{\text{atm}} + 2100\,\text{N/m}^2$$ and the liquid pressure at a depth of 20 cm is
$$ P_{\text{liquid}} = P_{\text{atm}} + \rho g h = P_{\text{atm}} + 1000 \times 10 \times 0.20 = P_{\text{atm}} + 2000\,\text{N/m}^2, $$
the pressure difference due solely to surface tension is
$$ \Delta P = \Bigl(P_{\text{bombubble}} - P_{\text{liquid}}\Bigr) = \bigl(P_{\text{atm}}+2100\bigr) - \bigl(P_{\text{atm}}+2000\bigr) = 100\,\text{N/m}^2. $$
The Laplace pressure difference for a bubble (which has one interface) is given by
$$ \Delta P = \frac{2S}{r}. $$
The given bubble radius is 0.1 cm, which in SI units is
$$ r = 0.1\,\text{cm} = 0.001\,\text{m}. $$
Substituting the known values into the Laplace equation gives
$$ \frac{2S}{0.001} = 100. $$
Solving for $$S$$:
$$ 2S = 100 \times 0.001 = 0.1, $$
$$ S = \frac{0.1}{2} = 0.05\,\text{N/m}. $$
Thus, the surface tension of the liquid is
$$ \boxed{0.05\,\text{N/m}}. $$
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