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JEE MAIN - Physics (2023 - 6th April Morning Shift - No. 8)

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion $$\mathbf{A}$$ and the other is labelled as Reason $$\mathbf{R}$$.

Assertion A : Earth has atmosphere whereas moon doesn't have any atmosphere.

Reason R : The escape velocity on moon is very small as compared to that on earth.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$$\mathbf{A}$$ is false but $$\mathbf{R}$$ is true
Both $$\mathbf{A}$$ and $$\mathbf{R}$$ are correct but $$\mathbf{R}$$ is NOT the correct explanation of $$\mathbf{A}$$
Both $$\mathbf{A}$$ and $$\mathbf{R}$$ are correct and $$\mathbf{R}$$ is the correct explanation of $$\mathbf{A}$$
$$\mathbf{A}$$ is true but $$\mathbf{R}$$ is false

Explanation

The assertion (A) is true: Earth does have an atmosphere, while the Moon does not have a significant atmosphere.

The reason (R) is also true: The escape velocity on the Moon is indeed smaller than that on Earth. The escape velocity is the minimum velocity an object must have to escape the gravitational pull of a planet or moon. A smaller escape velocity means it's easier for particles (such as the particles that make up an atmosphere) to escape into space.

Additionally, the reason (R) is a correct explanation for the assertion (A). The fact that the Moon's escape velocity is smaller than the Earth's is a major reason why the Moon doesn't have a significant atmosphere. Over time, particles that could have made up an atmosphere have escaped the Moon's gravitational pull and dispersed into space.

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