JEE MAIN - Physics (2023 - 6th April Morning Shift - No. 20)
The radius of fifth orbit of the $$\mathrm{Li}^{++}$$ is __________ $$\times 10^{-12} \mathrm{~m}$$.
Take: radius of hydrogen atom $$ = 0.51\,\mathop A\limits^o $$
Answer
425
Explanation
The formula to calculate the radius of an orbit for a hydrogen-like atom/ion is:
$$ r_n = r_0 \frac{n^2}{Z} $$
where:
- $r_n$ is the radius of the nth orbit,
- $n$ is the principal quantum number (the orbit number),
- $r_0$ is the Bohr radius (radius of the first Bohr orbit in the hydrogen atom), and
- $Z$ is the atomic number (the number of protons in the nucleus).
We're dealing with a Li²⁺ ion and we're interested in the fifth orbit ($n = 5$), and given that $r_0$ is 0.51 Å and $Z$ for Li is 3, we can substitute these values into the formula:
$$ r_5 = 0.51 \times \frac{25}{3} \text{ Å} = 4.25 \text{ Å} $$
which is $4.25 \times 10^{-10}$ m, or equivalently $425 \times 10^{-12}$ m when converted to meters.
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