JEE MAIN - Physics (2023 - 31st January Evening Shift - No. 22)
Explanation
When two bodies are projected from the ground at the same speed of $40 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}$ but at different angles, and they achieve the same range, we can derive the following:
Given that one projectile is launched at an angle of $60^\circ$ with respect to the horizontal, let's denote the angles of projection as $\theta_1$ and $\theta_2$. For the ranges to be equal, we know:
$ \theta_1 + \theta_2 = 90^\circ $
Since $\theta_1 = 60^\circ$, we can find $\theta_2$ as:
$ \theta_2 = 30^\circ $
Next, to find the sum of the maximum heights attained by both projectiles, we use the formula for the maximum height $H_{\max}$:
$ H_{\max} = \frac{u^2 \sin^2 \theta}{2g} $
For the first body projected at $60^\circ$:
$ \left(H_{\max}\right)_1 = \frac{(40)^2 \sin^2 60^\circ}{2 \times 10} $
Since $\sin 60^\circ = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$:
$ \left(H_{\max}\right)_1 = \frac{1600 \times \left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2}{20} = \frac{1600 \times \frac{3}{4}}{20} = \frac{1200}{20} = 60 \mathrm{~m} $
For the second body projected at $30^\circ$:
$ \left(H_{\max}\right)_2 = \frac{(40)^2 \sin^2 30^\circ}{2 \times 10} $
Since $\sin 30^\circ = \frac{1}{2}$:
$ \left(H_{\max}\right)_2 = \frac{1600 \times \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}{20} = \frac{1600 \times \frac{1}{4}}{20} = \frac{400}{20} = 20 \mathrm{~m} $
Therefore, the sum of the maximum heights attained by both projectiles is:
$ \left(H_{\max}\right)_1 + \left(H_{\max}\right)_2 = 60 \mathrm{~m} + 20 \mathrm{~m} = 80 \mathrm{~m} $
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