JEE MAIN - Physics (2022 - 29th July Evening Shift - No. 10)
An $$\alpha$$ particle and a proton are accelerated from rest through the same potential difference. The ratio of linear momenta acquired by above two particles will be:
$$\sqrt2$$ : 1
2$$\sqrt2$$ : 1
4$$\sqrt2$$ : 1
8 : 1
Explanation
We know,
Momentum $$(p) = \sqrt {2m{E_k}} $$
and $${E_k} = q{V_{acc}}$$
$$\therefore$$ $$p = \sqrt {2mq\,{V_{acc}}} $$
Both $$\alpha$$ particle and proton are passed through same potential difference.
$$\therefore$$ $${\left( {{V_{acc}}} \right)_\alpha } = {\left( {{V_{acc}}} \right)_p} = v$$
$$\therefore$$ $${p_\alpha } = \sqrt {2{m_\alpha }{q_\alpha }v} $$
$${p_p} = \sqrt {2{m_p}{q_p}v} $$
$$\therefore$$ $${{{p_\alpha }} \over {{p_p}}} = \sqrt {{{{m_\alpha }{q_\alpha }} \over {{m_p}{q_p}}}} $$
$$ = \sqrt {{{4{m_p} \times 2e} \over {{m_p} \times e}}} $$
$$ = \sqrt {{8 \over 1}} $$
$$ = {{2\sqrt 2 } \over 1}$$
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