JEE MAIN - Physics (2022 - 25th June Evening Shift - No. 20)
Explanation
For a car to move safely around a curved road without skidding, the centripetal force needed is provided by the frictional force between the tires and the road. The relationship governing this scenario can be expressed as:
$$ f_{\text{friction}} = f_{\text{centripetal}} $$
The frictional force is given by:
$$ f_{\text{friction}} = \mu \cdot m \cdot g $$
And the centripetal force is given by:
$$ f_{\text{centripetal}} = \frac{m \cdot v^2}{r} $$
Where:
$\mu$ is the coefficient of friction,
$m$ is the mass of the car,
$g$ is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately $9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$),
$v$ is the speed of the car,
$r$ is the radius of the curve.
Since the frictional force equals the centripetal force, we have:
$$ \mu \cdot m \cdot g = \frac{m \cdot v^2}{r} $$
Cancelling $m$ from both sides (assuming $m \neq 0$) gives:
$$ \mu \cdot g = \frac{v^2}{r} $$
Rewriting for $v$ gives the speed:
$$ v = \sqrt{\mu \cdot g \cdot r} $$
For the first scenario with $r = 75 \, \text{m}$ and $v = 30 \, \text{m/s}$:
$$ v_1^2 = \mu \cdot g \cdot r_1 $$
Thus,
$$ \mu \cdot g = \frac{v_1^2}{r_1} = \frac{30^2}{75} = \frac{900}{75} = 12 $$
For the second scenario with $r_2 = 48 \, \text{m}$, the new speed $v_2$ is:
$$ v_2 = \sqrt{\mu \cdot g \cdot r_2} = \sqrt{12 \times 48} $$
Calculating inside the square root:
$$ 12 \times 48 = 576 $$
So,
$$ v_2 = \sqrt{576} = 24 $$
Hence, the maximum allowed speed for a curve with a radius of $48 \, \text{m}$ is 24 m/s.
Comments (0)
