JEE MAIN - Physics (2021 - 31st August Morning Shift - No. 27)

A car is moving on a plane inclined at 30$$^\circ$$ to the horizontal with an acceleration of 10 ms$$-$$2 parallel to the plane upward. A bob is suspended by a string from the roof of the car. The angle in degrees which the string makes with the vertical is ______________. (Take g = 10 ms$$-$$2)
Answer
30

Explanation

Given,

Angle of inclination, $$\theta$$ = 30$$^\circ$$

Acceleration, a = 10 ms$$-$$2

Acceleration due to gravity, g = 10 ms$$-$$2

According to the question the car and bob is as shown below,

JEE Main 2021 (Online) 31st August Morning Shift Physics - Laws of Motion Question 71 English Explanation

Here, F' is the pseudo force acting on the bob when we considered it from car's frame and T is the tension on the string.

In equilibrium, $$\Sigma$$Fx = 0 and $$\Sigma$$Fy = 0

$$\Rightarrow$$ F' cos30$$^\circ$$ = T sin$$\alpha$$

$${{ma\cos 30^\circ } \over {\sin \alpha }} = T$$ ...... (i)

where, m is the mass of the bob.

$$F'\sin 30^\circ + mg = T\cos \alpha $$

$$ \Rightarrow ma\sin 30^\circ + mg = {{ma\cos 30^\circ } \over {\sin \alpha }}(\cos \alpha )$$ [$$\because$$ using Eq. (i)]

$$ \Rightarrow a\sin 30^\circ + g = {{a\cos 30^\circ } \over {\sin \alpha }}(\cos \alpha )$$

$$10 \times {1 \over 2} + 10 = {{10 \times \sqrt 3 } \over 2}\cot \alpha $$

$$ \Rightarrow {1 \over 2} + 1 = {{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}\cot \alpha \Rightarrow {3 \over 2} = {{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}\cot \alpha $$

or, $$\cot \alpha = \sqrt 3 $$

$$ \Rightarrow \alpha = 30^\circ $$

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