JEE MAIN - Physics (2019 - 8th April Morning Slot - No. 2)

If 1022 gas molecules each of mass 10–26 kg collide with a surface (perpendicular to it) elastically per second over an area 1 m2 with a speed 104 m/s, the pressure exerted by the gas molecules will be of the order of :
108 N/m2
1016 N/m2
104 N/m2
2 N/m2

Explanation

Momentum imparted to the surface in one collision,

$$\Delta p = ({p_i} - {p_f}) = mv - ( - mv) = 2mv$$ ..... (i)

Force on the surface due to n collision per second, $$F = {n \over t}(\Delta p) = n\Delta p$$ ($$\because$$ $$t = 1s$$)

= 2 mnv [from Eq. (i)]

So, pressure on the surface,

$$p = {F \over A} = {{2mnv} \over A}$$

Here, m = 10$$-$$26 kg, n = 1022 s$$-$$1, v = 104 ms$$-$$1, A = 1 m2

$$\therefore$$ Pressure, $$p = {{2 \times {{10}^{ - 26}} \times {{10}^{22}} \times {{10}^4}} \over 1} = 2$$ N/m2

So, pressure exerted is of order of 100.

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