JEE MAIN - Physics (2018 - 15th April Evening Slot - No. 8)

A capacitor C1 = 1.0 $$\mu $$F is charged up to a voltage V = 60 V by connecting it to battery B through switch (1). Now C1 is disconnected from battery and connected to a circuit consisting of two uncharged capacitors $${C_2} = 3.0\mu F$$ and C3 = 6.0 $$\mu $$F through switch (2), as shown in the figure. The sum of final charges on C2 and C3 is :
JEE Main 2018 (Online) 15th April Evening Slot Physics - Capacitor Question 137 English
40 $$\mu $$C
36 $$\mu $$C
20 $$\mu $$C
54 $$\mu $$C

Explanation

Given : C1 = 1.0 $$\mu$$F; C2 = 3.0 $$\mu$$F; C3 = 6.0 $$\mu$$F

JEE Main 2018 (Online) 15th April Evening Slot Physics - Capacitor Question 137 English Explanation

Capacitance C2 and C3 are in series, their equivalent capacitance is

$${1 \over C} = {1 \over {{C_2}}} + {1 \over {{C_3}}} \Rightarrow {1 \over C} = {{{C_2} + {C_3}} \over {{C_2}{C_3}}}$$

$$ \Rightarrow C = {{{C_2}{C_3}} \over {{C_2} + {C_3}}} = {{3.0\mu F \times 6.0\mu F} \over {3.0\mu F + 6.0\mu F}} = 2\mu F$$

Charge on C1 when battery is connected to switch (1) is

$$ = {C_1} \times 60$$ ..... (1)

Charge when battery is connected to switch (2) is

$$ = ({C_1} + C)V'$$ ...... (2)

Equating Eq. (1) and (2), we get

$$({C_1} + C)V' = 60{C_1} \Rightarrow V' = {{60{C_1}} \over {{C_1} + C}}$$

$$ \Rightarrow V' = {{60 \times 1\mu F} \over {1\mu F + 2\mu F}} = {{60 \times 1\mu F} \over {3\mu F}} = 20\,V$$

Final charge on C2 and C3 is $$Q = CV' = 2\mu F \times 20 = 40\mu C$$

Therefore, $$Q = 40\mu C$$

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