JEE MAIN - Physics (2018 - 15th April Evening Slot - No. 19)

When an air bubble of radius r rises from the bottom to the surface of a lake its radius becomes $${{5r} \over 4}.$$ Taking the atmospheric pressure to be equal to 10 m height of water column, the depth of the lake would approximately be (ignore the surface tension and the effect of temperature) :
11.2 m
8.7 m
9.5 m
10.5 m

Explanation

JEE Main 2018 (Online) 15th April Evening Slot Physics - Properties of Matter Question 251 English Explanation

Given, bubble of radius r rises from bottom of lake. The radius of bubble at top becomes 5r/4. Therefore, pressure in bubble at bottom is $${P_1} = {P_0} + \rho gh + {{4T} \over r}$$

Pressure in bubble at top is $${P_2} = {P_0} + {{4T} \over {5r/4}}$$

Now, we know $${P_1}{V_1} = {P_2}{V_2}$$, therefore,

$$\left( {{P_0} + \rho gh + {{4T} \over 4}} \right){{4\pi } \over 3}{r^3} = \left( {{P_0} + {{4T} \over {5r/4}}} \right){{4\pi } \over 3}{\left( {{{5r} \over 4}} \right)^3}$$

$${P_0} + \rho hg + {{4T} \over r} = \left( {{P_0} + {{4T \times 4} \over {5r}}} \right){{125} \over {64}}$$

Now given P0 = 10$$\rho$$g, therefore,

$$10\rho g + \rho gh + {{4T} \over r} = {{125} \over {64}} \times 10\rho g + {{16T} \over {5r}} \times {{125} \over {64}}$$

Neglecting effect of temperature, we get

$$10\rho g + \rho gh = {{125} \over {64}} \times 10\rho g$$

$$ \Rightarrow 10 + h = {{125} \over {64}} \times 10 \Rightarrow h = {{1250} \over {64}} - 10 = 9.53125\,m$$

$$\Rightarrow$$ h $$\sim$$ 9.5 m

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