JEE MAIN - Physics (2018 (Offline) - No. 6)
An electron, a proton and an alpha particle having the same kinetic energy are moving in circular orbits of
radii re, rp, r$$_\alpha$$ respectively in a uniform magnetic field B. The relation between re, rp, r$$_\alpha$$ is:
re < r$$_\alpha$$ < rp
re > rp = r$$_\alpha$$
re < rp = r$$_\alpha$$
re < rp < r$$_\alpha$$
Explanation
When a charged particle moves in a magnetic field then the charged particle moves in a circular path. So,
$${{m{v^2}} \over r}$$ = Bqv
$$ \Rightarrow $$$$\,\,\,$$ r = $${{mv} \over {Bq}}$$
We know kinetic energy, K = $${1 \over 2}$$ mv2
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ mv = $$\sqrt {2Km} $$
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ r = $${{\sqrt {2Km} } \over {Bq}}$$
According to the question,
Ke (electron) = Kp (proton) = K$$\alpha $$(Alpha particle) = K = constant, and all of them are in uniform magnetic field.
$$ \therefore $$ B = constant.
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ r $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt m } \over q}$$
For proton (1H1), mass = m, and charge = e
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ rp $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt m } \over e}$$
For alpha particle (2H4),
mass = 4m
and charge = 2e
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ r$$ \alpha $$ $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt {4m} } \over {2e}}$$ $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt m } \over e}$$
$$ \therefore $$$$\,\,\,$$ rp = r$$ \alpha$$
For electron,
charge = e
and mass (me) = 9.1 $$ \times $$ 10$$-$$31 kg
and mass of proton = 1.67 $$ \times $$ 10$$-$$27 kg
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ mass of electron < mass of proton.
re $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt {{m_e}} } \over e}$$ < rp
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ re < rp = r$$ \propto $$
$${{m{v^2}} \over r}$$ = Bqv
$$ \Rightarrow $$$$\,\,\,$$ r = $${{mv} \over {Bq}}$$
We know kinetic energy, K = $${1 \over 2}$$ mv2
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ mv = $$\sqrt {2Km} $$
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ r = $${{\sqrt {2Km} } \over {Bq}}$$
According to the question,
Ke (electron) = Kp (proton) = K$$\alpha $$(Alpha particle) = K = constant, and all of them are in uniform magnetic field.
$$ \therefore $$ B = constant.
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ r $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt m } \over q}$$
For proton (1H1), mass = m, and charge = e
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ rp $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt m } \over e}$$
For alpha particle (2H4),
mass = 4m
and charge = 2e
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ r$$ \alpha $$ $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt {4m} } \over {2e}}$$ $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt m } \over e}$$
$$ \therefore $$$$\,\,\,$$ rp = r$$ \alpha$$
For electron,
charge = e
and mass (me) = 9.1 $$ \times $$ 10$$-$$31 kg
and mass of proton = 1.67 $$ \times $$ 10$$-$$27 kg
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ mass of electron < mass of proton.
re $$ \propto $$ $${{\sqrt {{m_e}} } \over e}$$ < rp
$$\therefore\,\,\,$$ re < rp = r$$ \propto $$
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